维持性血液透析患者动静脉内瘘失功的护理
2016-07-25刘菁敏
刘菁敏
维持性血液透析患者动静脉内瘘失功的护理
刘菁敏
【摘要】目的 探讨维持性血液透析患者动静脉内瘘失功的护理方法。方法 选取2012年1月~2015年12月100例维持性血液透析患者为研究对象,按入院先后分别实施常规护理(50例,对照组)与个性化的护理干预(50例,干预组),评价比较两种护理方法的效果。结果 干预组内瘘失功发生率为2%,健康教育知识掌握率为84%,护理满意度为94%,高于对照组的14%、62%、80%,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 引起维持性血液透析患者动静脉内瘘失功的因素多样,应加强这类患者的个性化护理干预,提高动静脉内瘘使用的安全性与有效性。
【关键词】维持性血液透析;动静脉内瘘失功;护理
Objective To discuss the nursing method of maintenance hemodialysis patients with arteriovenous fistula dysfunction. Methods 100 cases of maintenance hemodialysis patients from January 2012 to December 2015 were selected for the study,according to admission they successively received routine nurisng(50 patients in the control group)and personalized nursing intervention(50 patients in the intervention group),the treatment effect of two methods were evaluatd and compared. Results In intervention group,the incidence of fistula dysfunction was 2%,the rate of health education knowledge mastery was 84%,the nursing satisfaction degree was 94%,which were significantly higher than those in control group(14%,62%,80%),the differences were significant(P<0.05). Conclusion The factors causing arteriovenous fistula dysfunction of maintenance hemodialysis patients are diverse and individualized nursing intervention should be strengthened in such patients to improve the safety and effectiveness of the use of arteriovenous fistula.
【Key words】 Maintenance hemodialysis,Arteriovenous fistula dysfunction,Nursing
血液透析是利用血液透析或腹膜透析维持慢性肾功能衰竭(CRF)患者生存时间的一种肾脏替代疗法,而体外血液通路则是决定血液透析能够成功进行的关键。若患者在血液透析过程中,一旦血管内瘘出现异常现象,极有可能造成动静脉内瘘中的血液返流,从而出现再循环,直接影响到患者的生存质量与预后[1]。动静脉内瘘(AVF)是目前公认的维持性血液透析患者的“生命线”[2],但临床上常因内瘘狭窄、闭塞等多方面的因素而导致内瘘失功的发生,我院在积极总结临床护理方法的基础上探索了一系列的个性化护理干预,取得的效果较为明显,现详细报告如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 临床资料
选取2012年1月~2015年12月100例维持性血液透析患者为研究对象,男58例,女42例,年龄24~77岁,平均(47.7±5.2)岁;……
