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产后妇女避孕节育服务需求调查

2016-07-22郭冬梅龚龑龑汤华臻陈琳

上海医药 2016年12期

郭冬梅+龚龑龑+汤华臻+陈琳

摘 要 目的:调查产后妇女避孕节育服务需求,完善社区产后避孕服务模式。方法:利用产后访视的时机对辖区内2012年9月—2013年2月分娩出院后的产妇198人进行问卷调查。结果:大专以上文化程度产妇的产后怀孕认知正确率为81.61%,显著高于大专以下产妇的39.39%(P<0.05);对哺乳期避孕方法的了解率分别为64.37%和30.25%,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对哺乳期避孕方法知晓率最高的是避孕套(92.81%),最低的是狄波普维拉注射剂(1.31%)。最好的产后避孕宣教时机应在产后访视和产后42 d体检时;希望获得的产后避孕宣教方式以宣传资料为主。结论:产后是落实避孕措施的关键时期,针对产妇的避孕服务需求进行避孕宣教及干预,可提高产后妇女的生殖健康水平。

关键词 避孕 产后 育龄妇女 节育需求

中图分类号:R169.41 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2016)12-0058-03

Survey on the demand of contraceptive service for postpartum women

GUO Dongmei, GONG Yanyan, TANG Huazhen, CHEN Lin

(Huajing Community Health Service Center of Xuhui District, Shanghai 200231, China)

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the demand for contraception service of postpartum women to improve the mode of postpartum contraception service in the community. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted among 198 women who were in the community from September 2012 to February 2013 using the opportunity of postpartum visit. Results: The maternal awareness of postpartum pregnancy was significantly higher in the women with college education or above than in the women with senior high school or below, accounting for 81.61% and 39.39%, respectively and the difference between the two groups had the statistical significance(P<0.05). The learning of contraception methods in the lactation period was 64.37% and 30.25%, respectively, and the difference between the two groups had the statistical significance(P<0.05). The highest awareness rate of contraception in the lactation period was condom(92.81%), and the lowest Di Vera Popper injection(1.31%). The best postpartum contraception education was in the postpartum visit and 42 days postpartum physical examination, and the postpartum contraceptive propaganda and education which was hoped to obtain was the printed material mainly. Conclusion: Postpartum is the key period of the implementation of contraceptive measures, and according to the demand of the womens contraceptive service, contraception education and intervention are carried out to improve the level of reproductive health of postpartum women.

KEY WORD contraception; postpartum; women of child bearing age; contraceptive need

产后避孕是计划生育服务的薄弱环节,由于产后处于特殊的生理时期,加上避孕节育知识的缺乏和受传统观念的影响,不少妇女未采取及时有效的避孕措施而发生意外妊娠。为了解产后妇女避孕节育服务需求,以便开展有效的社区计划生育干预,降低产后意外妊娠的发生,我社区卫生服务中心利用产后访视的时机对辖区内的产妇进行避孕节育服务需求问卷调查。

1 对象与方法

1.1 研究对象

以2012年9月—2013年2月分娩后居住在华泾镇的产妇198人作为研究对象,本市户籍产妇92名(60.13%),外来产妇61名(39.87%),调查对象年龄20.0~41.2岁,平均年龄为(26.71±3.42)岁。调查对象中大专及以上学历87名,占总人数的56.86%;大专以下学历66名,占43.14%。专业技术人员和职员92名,占60.13%;自由职业者20名,占13.07%,无业或待业者41名,占26.8%。利用产后上门访视的时间进行问卷调查。

1.2 方法

采用自制的产后访视调查表,经专家评审和预调查修订,由经过统一培训的访视人员利用产后访视的时间进行现场问卷调查。调查内容包括人口学特征、孕产史、本次分娩情况、产后母乳喂养情况、母婴健康状况、产后避孕知识知晓情况、产后避孕宣教的时机和希望获得的宣教方式。……

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