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上海市金山工业区结直肠癌筛查结果分析

2016-07-22黄学赵西芳王芳

上海医药 2016年12期

黄学+赵西芳+王芳

摘 要 目的:分析社区居民结直肠癌筛查结果,以降低结直肠癌的发病率和死亡率。方法:2013年5月—2015年8月对金山工业区辖区内50~74岁社区常住人群采用问卷危险度评估和大便潜血试验(FOBT)进行初步筛查,对初筛阳性者进一步作结肠镜检查。结果:7 647人参与了结直肠癌筛查,参与率为52.51%,初筛阳性1 512人,阳性率19.77%,其中600人接受结肠镜检查,240例检出病变,病变检出率为40.00%,其中结直肠癌7例(1.17%),息肉153例(25.50%),肠炎74例(12.33%),其他肠道病变6例(1.00%)。结论:结直肠癌筛查对结直肠癌的早发现、早诊断、早治疗具有重要意义。

关键词 结直肠癌 筛查 社区人群

中图分类号:R735.3+4 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2016)12-0044-02

Analysis of the results of colorectal cancer screening in Jinshan Industrial Zone of Shanghai

HUANG Xue, ZHAO Xifang, WANG Fang

(Industrial Zone Community Health Service Center of Jinshan District, Shanghai 201506, China)

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the results of colorectal cancer screening of the community residents to be able to achieve early detection, diagnosis and treatment for them to reduce the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer. Methods: The preliminary screening was carried out to the residents of 50 to 74 years old with the questionnaire risk degree assessment and fecal occult blood test(FOBT)from May 2013 to August 2015 in Jinshan Industrial Zone Area, and colonoscopy was further performed for the preliminary positive screening subjects and the data of the screening results were analyzed statistically. Results: A total of 7 467 people participated in the colorectal cancer screening, and the participating rate was 52.51%, and 1 512 were preliminary positive screening subjects and the positive rate was 19.77%. Among 600 cases who received the electronic colonoscopy examination, the lesions were detected in 240 cases and lesion detection rate was 40%, among them, 7 cases(1.17%)of colorectal cancer, 153 cases of polyps(25.50%), 74 cases(12.33%)of enteritis, 6 cases(1%)of other intestinal lesions. Conclusion: On the basis of the preliminary positive screening, combination of electronic colonoscopy examination can effectively detect early colorectal cancer and precancerous lesions and has a great significance in the early detection, diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer.

KEY WORDS colorectal cancer; screening; community resident

结直肠癌是消化道常见恶性肿瘤之一。近年来,随着居民生活水平的大幅度提高,膳食结构趋向高脂肪和低纤维化,使结直肠癌患病率不断增加[1]。男性和女性结直肠癌患病率分别占常见恶性肿瘤的第3位和第2位[2]。为了提高结直肠癌患者的生存率,改善生存质量,2013年上海市启动了重大公共卫生服务项目“上海市社区居民结直肠癌筛查”。金山工业区社区卫生服务中心根据《金山区社区居民结直肠癌筛查实施方案》[3],结合本社区实际情况,于2013年5月—2015年8月开展第一轮结直肠癌筛查,现报道如下。

1 对象和方法

1.1 一般资料

本社区常住人口41 463人,其中50~74岁者14 564人,2013年5月—2015年8月对其中7 647人进行结直肠癌筛查,参与率为52.51%。7 647人中,男性2 606人(34.08%),女性5 041人(65.92%),男女比例为1∶1.93,50~59岁613人(37.17%),60~69岁3 925人(51.33%),≥70岁1 109人(14.50)。

1.2 方法

采用大便潜血试验(FOBT)进行初筛FOBT的阳性标准为:两条紫红色条带出现,一条位于检测区(T)内,另一条位于质控区内(C),之后进行危险度评估,高危人群定为:①一级亲属有结直肠癌史;……

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