甲状腺癌颈部淋巴结清扫术后并发乳糜漏的防治
2016-07-01邱体红付再碧
邱体红 付再碧
[摘 要] 目的:总结甲状腺癌颈部淋巴结清扫术后并发乳糜漏的原因及防治策略。方法:回顾性分析我院2005年1月—2015年1月收治的24甲状腺癌颈部淋巴结清扫术后并发乳糜漏患者资料,总结原因及治疗方法。结果:术后乳糜漏发生率0.8% ,21例患者经综合治疗有效,3例接受手术治疗,全部患者均未出现乳糜胸。结论:颈部淋巴结清扫术中操作不精细是导致术后乳糜漏的主要原因,精细术中操作、落实术后管理是预防乳糜漏的重点,术后及时发现乳糜漏并立即实施科学处理是有效治疗乳糜漏的前提。
[关键词] 甲状腺癌;颈部淋巴结清扫术;乳糜漏;防治
中图分类号:R736.1 文献标识码:B 文章编号:2095-5200(2016)03-023-03
[Abstract] Objective: To summarize the reasons and prevention strategy for thyroid cancer neck dissection and postoperative chylous leakage. Methods: A retrospective analysis of data of 24 patients with chylous leakage after dissection of neck lymph nodes during thyroid cancer surgery admitted in our hospital from January 2005 to January 2015, for summarizing the causes and treatment methods. Results: The incidence of postoperative chylous leakage was 0.8%, the effect of comprehensive treatment on 21 patients was good, 3 cases underwent surgery; chylothorax was not present in all patients. Conclusions: The main reason leading to chylous fistula is the indelicate operation during cervical lymph node dissection, refinement of operation and implementation of postoperative management is the key to prevent the chylous leakage, and timely detection and immediate implementation of the scientific process after dissection of neck lymph nodes during thyroid cancer surgery is the premise for an effective treatment of chylous leakage.
[Key words] thyroid cancer; cervical lymph node dissection; chylous leakage; prevention and treatment
约有30%~80%甲状腺癌的患者合并颈淋巴结转移,颈部淋巴结清扫是临床甲状腺癌根治性手术的重要环节[1]。鉴于颈部丰富的淋巴结回流特征,淋巴结清扫术中多种原因均可导致胸导管、淋巴管主要分支破损,导致乳糜液漏出,即乳糜漏[2]。虽然乳糜漏属甲状腺癌颈部淋巴结清扫术后少见的并发症,但其可导致皮瓣坏死、局部感染甚至血容量减少、全身器官衰竭,后果严重[3]。本文分析颈部淋巴结清扫术后乳糜漏的发生原因,希望通过合理防治策略降低乳糜漏发生风险。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
整理我院2005年1月—2015年1月收治的2997例接受颈部淋巴结清扫术的甲状腺癌患者的临床资料,其中24例(0.80%)术后并发乳糜漏。24例患者中,2例接受双侧甲状腺功能性颈淋巴结清扫术,其余22例均接受单侧甲状腺功能性颈淋巴结清扫术,男性7例,女性17例,年龄25~63岁,平均(41.69±8.35)岁,24 h乳糜漏引流量150~1200 mL,平均(325.43±57.31)mL;……
