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产前超声诊断胎儿四肢畸形分析

2016-05-06石以

现代仪器与医疗 2016年2期

石以

[摘 要] 目的:观察产前超声在胎儿四肢畸形检出率,总结检查技巧。方法:回顾于我院进行妊娠中晚期产前超声检查的1439例孕妇资料。结果:1439名研究对象中,四肢畸形39例,超声检出四肢畸形37例,其中四肢完全缺如,双下肢缺如,桡骨缺失,尺骨缺失,缺指,缺趾,裂手或裂足,胫骨缺失,足内翻检出率为100%,四肢短小畸形漏诊1例,多指漏诊1例,漏诊率为5.1%。结论:连续顺序追踪法可提高检出率,应注意检查规范,连续不间断地进行排查。如遇胎儿姿势不适合检查或是伸展不够完全时,可活动后再行超声检查,以减少漏诊。

[关键词] 产前诊断;超声;四肢畸形

中图分类号:R445 文献标识码:B 文章编号:2095-5200(2016)02-014-03

DOI:10.11876/mimt201602005

[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the detection rate of prenatal ultrasound in fetal limb malformations, and summarize the examination skills. Methods: Retrospective analysis on prenatal ultrasound data of 1439 cases of pregnant women in the middle and late period from our hospital. Results:1439 subjects, 39 cases with limb deformities, and limb deformities was detected by ultrasound in 37 cases, in which the limbs completely absent, lower extremity agenesis, radial bone loss, ulna missing, missing fingers, missing toes, cracked hands or cracked foot, tibia deletion, and with detection rate of 100% for foot inversion, 1 case of short limbs deformity missed, 1 case of multi-finger missed, missed diagnosis rate was 5.1%. Conclusions:Continuous sequence method can improve the detection rate, and the specifications should be carefully checked and uninterruptedly investigated. In case of fetal position is not suitable for checking or extension is incomplete, we can make the fetus move before ultrasound detection to reduce misdiagnosis.

[Key words] prenatal diagnosis;ultrasound;limb deformities

我国是初生儿缺陷高发国家之一,每年约100万缺陷儿出生,给社会及家庭造成了很大负担[1]。胎儿肢体畸形类型繁杂,产前超声检查可筛查出胎儿肢体畸形,早期终止妊娠,减轻患者及社会负担。本研究即根据本院产前超声诊断资料结合术中病理情况进行总结,旨在提高产前系统追踪超声检查诊断胎儿四肢畸形准确率。

1 资料及仪器

2009年9月到2011年12月我院行规范产前彩色多普勒超声检查孕妇共1439名,均采用连续系统追踪超声筛查四肢畸形。孕妇年龄19~35岁,孕周17~32周,平均(24±6.4)周。

1.1 仪器和方法

采用美国GE公司Voluson E8彩色超声诊断仪,探头为凸阵二维探头,频率分别设置为3.5、5.0、6.5MHz。行常规二维超声检查,孕妇取仰卧位,探头置于孕妇腹壁,依次对胎儿四肢进行检查,从近端至远端分别显示双侧肱骨,桡骨,尺骨,手,股骨,胫骨,腓骨和足。……

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