结合2015年高考英语全国卷I（新课标）探究新题型七选五的解题步骤与策略

2016-04-19廖阳颖

新课程·下旬 2016年2期

关键词：文体策略

廖阳颖

摘要：课改后，英语高考新增一种题型——七选五阅读填空题。模式为：给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，要求考生根据文章结构、内容，在7个选项中选出5个正确句子，填入相应的空白处。

关键词：文体；解题步骤；策略

笔者做了一定的研究，总结如下：

一、快速浏览文章，确定文体

1.记叙文是描述性结构。

2.说明文常用总—分—总的结构。

3.议论文先抛出议题，然后从正反两面来讨论，最后得出结论。

二、分析篇章结构

一种是分析整篇文章的层次，即段落。另一种是分析段内层次，即语篇层次。要真正体会句子间的关系，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次。

三、注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词

1.篇章结构是指总—分—总、总—分、分—总。

2.词语重现：有时是同一词的再现，有时是某个词以不同的词性出现。如：read，reading，readers。

3.逻辑：事物内在的必然联系，包括时间先后、空间位置关系等。

4.指称：为避免重复，文章会用代词指代前文出现的人或物。如：it，he等。

5.同构：使用同一句型。如：小标题都以祈使句出现，那么设空的小标题也应是祈使句。

四、分析干扰项

主旨概括句过于宽泛或以偏概全；过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构；注释性句子与上文脱节等。

现结合2015年高考英语全国卷I（新课标）的七选五题目，用上述的方法进行解题。

Building Trust in a Relationship Again

Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences，36. That is a risk ...

Unfortunately，weve all been victims of betrayal. Whether weve been suffered from，lied to，misled，or cheated on，there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore. 37 ...

38 .Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.

39 .If youve been betrayed，you are the victim of your circumstance. But theres a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives，well have our trust tested or violated.

... 40 .Instead，its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.

A.Learn to really trust yourself.

B.It is putting confidence in someone.

C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.

D.Remember that you can expect the best in return.

E.Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.

F.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.

G.Seeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened.

36题用指代法解题。根据B选项中的it指前句中的trust，且36题后句That is a risk.中的That指的是B选项的内容。

37题用逻辑关系来解题。根据前文Unfortunately，...anymore.不难分析出语篇层次，属于因果关系。所以得出E选项。

38题设空在段首，属于主旨概括题。根据后文Having ... well-being.可知此段讲述要学会信任自己。而A项内容即可概括本段。

39题与38题解题方法一样。因此可推断出选择C。