MMF联合糖皮质激素治疗伴肾功能损害的进展性IgA肾病的不同疗效的特点分析
2016-01-13张希燃王凉孙铸兴
张希燃 王凉 孙铸兴



[摘要] 目的 分析吗替麦考酚酯(Mycophenolatemofetil,MMF)联合糖皮质激素治疗伴肾功能损害的进展性IgA肾病时不同疗效的特点,探讨对疗效有预测价值的临床、病理特征。 方法 整群选择2010年2月—2013年6月在无锡市人民医院经肾脏病理检查诊断的原发性IgA肾病42例,对符合进展性IgA肾病特点,同时伴有肾功能损害,并接受MMF联合糖皮质激素治疗的病例进行回顾性分析研究。结果 共42例患者纳入该研究,男性(21例)占61.9%,CKD3~4期患者占74.6%,平均eGFR(50.29±19.04) mL/min·1.73m2,平均蛋白尿(3.15±1.73) g/d;42例(100.0%)均予MMF联合泼尼松治疗,其中CR21例(50.0%),PR15例(35.6%),NR6例(14.3%),治疗有效率85.6%。比较发现,NR患者基线蛋白尿高于CR、PR患者(P<0.01),血浆白蛋白低于后两者(P<0.05)。肾活检时,NR组血肌酐最高(P<0.05)、eGFR水平最低(P<0.05)。NR患者病理上肾小管萎缩、间质纤维化最严重(P<0.01),细胞性新月体最少见(P<0.01)。单因素、多因素COX回归分析结果表明,蛋白尿>3.5g/d、eGFR<30 mL/min·1.73m2、严重肾小管间质慢性病变为疗效差的独立危险因素。细胞性新月体为疗效良好的独立预测因素(P<0.001)。不良反应在疗效差的患者中更多见(P<0.05)。 结论 MMF联合糖皮质激素治疗伴肾功能损害的进展性IgA肾病总有效率高,安全性好。尿蛋白>3.5 g/d、eGFR<30 mL/min·1.73m2、严重肾小管间质慢性损害均为疗效差的独立危险因素。细胞性新月体为疗效良好的独立预测因素。
[关键词] MMF;糖皮质激素;进展性IgA肾病;临床病理特征;疗效分析
[中图分类号] R4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2015)12(a)-0004-06
[Abstract] Objective To analyze the different efficacies of MMF combined with prednisone for progressive IgA nephropathy with renal impairment and investigate the clinicopathological features that can be the predictive markers of the efficacies. Methods 42 patients with biopsy-proven primary IgA nephropathy treated by MMF combined with prednisone in Wuxi People's Hospital from February 2010 to June 2013 were enrolled in this retrospective analysis, and they also had characteristics of progressive IgA nephropathy accompanied by renal dysfunction. Results Of the 42 cases enrolled in study, men (21 cases) accounted for 61.9%, CKD3-4 patients accounted for 74.6%, with an average eGFR(50.29 ± 19.04)mL / min.1.73㎡and an average proteinuria(3.15 ± 1.73)g / d. All the 42 cases(100.0%) were treated with MMF combined with prednisone. The complete remission(CR), partial remission(PR) and no remission(NR) rate was 50.0%(21 cases), 35.6%(15 cases) and 14.3%(6 cases) respectively. The treatment efficiency was 85.6%. Compared to the responders(CR and PR groups), non-responders(NR group) got higher baseline proteinuria(P<0.01) and lower serum albumin(P<0.05). Among the three groups at renal biopsy, NR group showed the highest serum creatinine(P<0.05) and lowest eGFR(P<0.05). Besides, renal tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis appeared much severer in NR group(P<0.01), of them cellular crescents performance was rarer to be seen(P<0.01). Both univariate and multivariate COX regression analysis showed that proteinuria>3.5g/d, eGFR<30mL/min﹒1.73m2, severe renal tubular atrophy were independent risk factors for poor effects. Cellular crescents was an independent predictor of satisfactory effect(P<0.001). Adverse effects were more usually seen when there was poor therapy effect(P<0.05). Conclusion MMF combined with prednisone for progressive IgA nephropathy with renal impairment got good effect and safety. Urine protein >3.5g/d, eGFR<30mL/min﹒1.73m2, severe chronic damage of renal tubular were independent risk factors of poor curative effect. Cellular crescent performance was an independent predictor of good curative effect.
[Key words] MMF; Prednisone; Progressive IgA nephropathy; Clinicopathological features; Therapeutic effect analysis
IgA肾病(IgA nephropathy,IgAN)是全球最常见的一种原发性肾小球肾炎,约占亚洲地区原发性肾小球疾病的45%[1],也是我国ESRD(End stage renal disease,ESRD)的主要病因之一。诸多的循证医学证据已表明,蛋白尿是IgA肾病预后不良的独立危险因素[2]。因此,RAS阻断剂、糖皮质激素以及多种免疫抑制剂已被指南推荐应用于IgA肾病的治疗[3]。但对于伴肾功能损害的进展性IgA肾病的治疗,是否可以选择MMF联用糖皮质激素,目前仍存在争议[4-5]。该研究通过回顾性分析2010年2月—2013年6月该中心资料,旨在评估在此类患者中联合应用MMF及糖皮质激素治疗的疗效及安全性,分析不同疗效患者的特点,探讨对疗效有一定预测价值的临床或病理特征。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
整群选取自2010年2月—2013年6月于无锡市人民医院住院经肾活检术明确为IgA肾病,临床表现为进展性IgA肾病[6],存在慢性肾功能损害(eGFR下降),并接受MMF联合糖皮质激素治疗的患者共51例。……
