贵州红山茶观赏种质资源研究
2014-04-29胡光平王桂萍胡刚韩堂松刘正华张果陈海虹
胡光平 王桂萍 胡刚 韩堂松 刘正华 张果 陈海虹
摘要 采用单株调查法和样方调查法对分布于贵州清镇九龙山、宝塔山的贵州红山茶的生境、植物学特征进行调查研究。结果显示:贵州红山茶花蕾形状、花色、叶形等形态特征存在多种差异,观赏价值很高,通过对比跟踪分析,以叶和花对观赏影响程度进行划分,初步划出贵州红山茶5个观赏种质类型,以期为今后开发利用提供理论参考。
关键词 贵州红山茶;观赏种质资源;类型
中图分类号 S571 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2014)27-09408-04
Study on the Ornamental Germplasm Resource of Camellia kweichowensis Chang
HU Guangping, WANG Guiping, HU Gang et al
(Guiyang Extension Station of Science and Technology for Forestry, Guiyang, Guizhou 550003)
Abstract Using single plant investigation method and sample survey method, the habitat and botanic characteristics of Camellia kweichowensis Chang growing in the Jiulong Mountain and Baota Mountain in Qingzhen were investigated. The results showed that, many kinds of differences and variabilities exist in the morphological characteristics of the Camellia kweichowensis Chang, such as shape of buds and leaves, colour of flowers and so on. The morphological characteristics have high ornamental value. In the investigation, we have differentiated five germplasm resource of ornamental types by the impacts that leaves and flowers have made on its ornamental. The results could provide a theoretical reference for the development and utilization in the future.
Key words Camellia kweichowensis Chang; Ornamental germplasm resources; Types
贵州红山茶(Camellia kweichowensis Chang)是山茶科山茶属常绿小乔木,为贵州特有珍稀植物,分布于贵州清镇九龙山及其周围[1-2],是庭园绿化中优良的观花观果景观树种。林木种质资源是指林木遗传多样性资源和选育新品种的基础材料。目前,关于贵州红山茶生物学特征研究的报道较少[3-5]。笔者通过单株调查法和样方调查法对贵州红山茶进行野外调查,对其野生种质资源分析研究,划分出观赏价值较高的种质类型,为其种质资源的开发利用提供理论依据。
1 调查内容及方法
1.1 调查内容
调查内容有:①贵州红山茶所处自然地理环境,包括土壤类型、土层厚度、海拔、经纬度、坡向、坡位和坡度;②贵州红山茶所处森林群落特征,包括群落结构、主要伴生植物种类(乔木、灌木、草本);③贵州红山茶的物候学、形态学、生殖学等特征,包括树高、胸径、冠幅、个体表面形态特征及小枝、叶、花、果的颜色变化,始花期、盛花期、花的基本特征、自然更新情况等。……
