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Tabata训练对跆拳道选项课学生多维度身体素质的影响研究

2025-08-13段成毅祁继良

当代体育科技 2025年20期
关键词:男女耐力素质

【中图分类号】G886.9 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2095-2813(2025)20-0024-04

[Abstract] Objective: Through an18-week Tabata training intervention study,this article aims toanalyze theeffectsof Tabata trainingandtraditional physical trainingon multidimensional physical fitness(e.gstrength,speed,fleibilityendurance,andagility)amongcollege students enrolled ina public Taekwondo electivecourse,comparing characteriticdiferences to provide areference foroptimizing collge physical education curricula.Methods: A randomized controledexperimental design was used to divide 32 Taekwondo elective students (16 male/16 female)into anexperimental group(Tabata training)and a control group (traditional training).Both groups were intervened once a week (1OO minutes)for 18 weks.Five metrics were tested: strength (standing long jump),speed (5O-meter sprint),endurance (800-meterrun/100O-meter run),flexibility (sit-and-reach),and agility(Proagilitytest).SPSS 27.O was used for within-group(paired t-test) and between-group (independent t-test) analyses (α=0.05) .Results:Tabata training hada significanteffect on improving strength, speed,and agility (Plt;0.05) ,whereas traditional training showed no significant effects. Tabata training and traditional physical training both significantly enhanced endurance and flexibility (Plt;0.05) ,but Tabata training outperformed traditional training in endurance improvement, with no between-group difference in flexibility.Conclusion:Tabata training ismoreefectiveinimproving students'physicalfitnessthan traditionalphysical training methods,and is suitable for public sports Taekwondo electivecourses in universities.It is recommended to promote this training method to other public sports elective courses.

[Keywords] Tabata training; College public physical education; Taekwondo elective course; Physical quality

作者简介:段成毅(1999一),男,硕士在读,研究方向为学校体育方法与理论。祁继良(1982一),男,硕士,副研究员,研究方向为高原训练。

Tabata训练是一种高强度间歇训练方法,由日本科学家IZUMITABATA提出。其特点是在短时间内进行高强度运动,间隔短暂休息,通常为20s高强度运动后休息10s,重复8组,总时长 4min[1] 。跆拳道作为一种以腿法为主的格斗运动,要求运动员具备良好的力量、速度、柔韧、耐力以及灵敏等素质。因此,Tabata训练的特性与跆拳道运动需求高度契合。该文将Tabata训练引入跆拳道选项课,研究分析Tabata训练与传统体能训练方式对高校公共体育跆拳道选项课学生身体素质的影响,比较特征性差异,该研究对推动高校公共体育课程安排具有一定的实践应用价值。

1研究对象、方法与数据统计

1.1研究对象

研究对象为西北师范大学二年级跆拳道选项课的32名学生(男生16名、女生16名),这些学生学习跆拳道的时间达1学期。实验前将学生随机分为实验组和对照组,两组男女各半。对学生身体素质进行测试,测试指标选取力量(立定跳远)速度( 50m 跑)耐力(女子 800m 跑/男子 1000m 跑)柔韧性(坐位体前屈)和灵敏性(Pro灵敏性测试)这5项身体素质。前4项测试方法依照教育部颁发的《国家学生体质健康标准》执行。 Pro 灵敏性测试也叫5-10-5折返跑,实验对象站在起点A位置,哨声响起开始计时,用最快的速度向B点加速 (5m) ,再由B点到达C点 (10m) ,最终返回A点L (5m) ,计时结束,如图1所示。结果得出两组学生身体素质差异无统计学意义( Pgt;0.05 ,研究对象基本情况见表1。……

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