植物乳植杆菌的益生特性及其在发酵食品中的应用进展
2025-08-09信珊珊李艳
Probiotic Characteristics of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Its Applications in Fermented Foods
XINShanshan,LIYan (Jinan Center for Food and Drug Control, Jinan 250102, China)
Abstract: Lactobacillus plantans,asan important probiotic,is widely used in the field of food fermentation due to its excellent intestinal colonization ability, environmental tolerance and metabolic diversity.This paper systematically analyzes the probiotic characteristics of this strain,focuses onreviewing its application status in traditional fermented foods such as dairy products,soyproducts,grains and meat products,and explores its potential value in the development of new fermented products and the synergistic effect of probiotics.By revealing the mechanism of actionofthis strain in enhancing thenutritional function,sensoryqualityand healthcare characteristics offood,itisexpected toprovideatheoreticalbasis fortechnologicalinnovationandhealthfunctiondevelopmentin the food industry, and promote public health and industry development.
Keywords: Lactiplantibacilus plantarum; probiotic properties; fermented food; gut microbiota
近年来,伴随健康导向的消费趋势升级,功能性食品市场因消费者对营养强化、低糖低脂等品质需求的持续提升而显著扩大。植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillusplantarum)作为一种重要的益生菌,具有耐酸、耐胆汁盐等特性,能够适应复杂的胃肠环境,并在维持肠道微生态平衡、增强免疫力等方面发挥着重要作用,广泛应用于各类食品中。
在食品工业中,植物乳植杆菌可作为发酵剂广泛应用于乳制品、豆制品和谷物发酵食品等的生产,不仅能够通过代谢活动改善食品的理化性质、延长保质期,还可以通过释放生物活性物质赋予食品健康功能。随着人们对健康饮食的关注度不断提高,植物乳植杆菌在发酵食品中的应用逐渐成为研究热点。
1植物乳植杆菌的益生特性
1.1调节肠道菌群稳态
植物乳植杆菌能够通过多种机制影响肠道菌群的组成和功能。 ① 通过竞争黏附位点和营养物质,阻止病原菌如大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌的黏附,抑制有害菌在肠道的定植[1-2]。 ② 通过直接代谢膳食纤维或协同其他菌群促进乙酸、丙酸和丁酸等短链脂肪酸的生成,为有益菌提供生长底物,改变肠道菌群的丰富度和多样性[3]。 ③ 调节肠道微生物群的代谢功能,影响胆汁酸代谢、维生素合成等过程,对宿主健康产生积极影响[4]
1.2免疫调节和抗炎作用
植物乳植杆菌能够激活宿主的免疫系统,增强机体的免疫应答能力。在细胞实验中,植物乳植杆菌可以刺激巨噬细胞、树突状细胞等免疫细胞的活性,促进它们分泌细胞因子,增强巨噬细胞功能以及调节T细胞反应[5-。……
