中图分类号：S571.1；S225.99

文献标识码：A

文章编号：1000-3150（2025）07-84-4

Preliminary Study on the Effect of Different Tea Picking Machines on Picking Fresh Tea Leaves in Sum

WANGBinli， ZHANG Xiaoying*， YANG Jiajia BazhongAcademyofAgriculturaland Forestry Sciences，Bazhong 636ooo，China

Abstract： Toaccelerate the modernizationofteaharvesting technologyandprovideboththeoreticalbasisand practical guidance for the promotion and application of mechanized harvesting techniques，this study compared the harvesting effectivenessoffour types of tea harvesting machines （Portable Tea Harvester I，Portable Tea HarvesterI1， Single-person Tea Harvester，and Double-person Tea Harvester）.Acomprehensive evaluation was conducted on the mechanical composition of harvested fresh leaves and their working efficiency/cost.The comparative analysis of fresh leaf mechanicalcomposition shows thatallfour types of harvesters achieved acomplete bud-with-leaves rate above 60% and a standard bud-with-leaves rate over 50% ，meeting the raw material requirements for bulk tea production.The efficiency-cost analysis demonstrates that mechanical harvesting can effectively improve effciency and reduce costs.The Double-person Tea Harvester shows the highest effciency at 294.67kg/h with the lowest cost at1.03 yuan/kg.Single-person and Double-person Tea Harvesters are suitable for harvesting raw materials for functional component extraction and large-scale summer tea production， while portable harvesters are more appropriate for premium summer tea harvesting， with Portable Tea Harvester I performing particularly well.

Keywords： tea picking machine，tea plant， fresh leavesin summer，picking effect

采茶机械的引入显著提升了茶叶采摘的效率，降低了人力成本，尤其在规模化茶园的应用中，展现了其重要的实用价值。相比于传统的手工采摘，机械采茶不仅减少了对劳动力的依赖，还能有效提升采摘效率，对推动茶产业现代化、提高生产效率具有重要意义[1-3]。

此外，随着机械采茶设备的多样化发展，探索其对茶鲜叶质量和生产成本的影响，将有助于进一步优化机械化采摘的应用，并为茶产业的技术进步提供支持。

目前，机械采茶设备主要包括单人采茶机、双人采茶机和便携式手持电动采茶机等。单人采茶机由1名操作者手持操作，操作者能够灵活移动于茶园中，适应狭窄或不规则地形，显著提高采茶效率，减轻操作者的体力负担。双人采茶机则需要3名操作者协同工作，2人于机身两侧平行抬机，1人随后手持集鲜袋，其高效的采摘能力适合大型茶园和大规模采茶任务。而便携式手持电动采茶机设计更为轻便，便于操作者随身携带，适用于茶园中大型采茶机难以到达或需要精细操作的地方，具备较高的操作灵活性和移动性[4。这些采茶设备在提升效率和降低成本方面表现突出[7-8]，茶农可以根据茶树的生长状态和品质进行针对性采摘，避免采摘不成熟或过度成熟的鲜叶，从而确保茶叶的品质和口感。

本研究分析了4种不同类型采茶机所采鲜叶的机械组成，重点关注机械采茶能否保障鲜叶采摘标准，以及对采摘成本的影响。……