时柏营 杨宇雷 程远 崔博伟 丁东玥

摘 要：文章针对当前交叉口控制策略存在的时效性差等问题，提出了一种基于模糊控制的过饱和交叉口信号配时优化策略。通过对拥堵交叉口的调查，结合模糊控制理论，设计了一种缓解拥堵的策略，主要通过增加绿灯延长时间来优化信号配时。为验证该方案的可行性，利用仿真软件对拥堵交叉口信号配时方案进行了仿真模拟，并考虑将一条直行车道变为可变车道的情况。同时，利用Matlab对运用了模糊控制的交叉口信号方案进行了模拟，并进行了两者的对比分析。通过仿真模拟，验证了所提出的缓解拥堵策略在减缓交通拥堵方面的有效性。

关键词：交叉口控制；模糊控制；绿灯延长时间；Matlab；仿真模拟

中图分类号：F253；U121文献标志码：ADOI：10.13714/j.cnki.1002-3100.2024.10.009

Abstract： This article proposes a signal timing optimization strategy for oversaturated intersections based on fuzzy control to address the issues of poor timeliness in current intersection control strategies. By investigating congested intersections and combining fuzzy control theory， a congestion alleviation strategy was designed， mainly by increasing the green light extension time to optimize signal timing. To verify the feasibility of this scheme， simulation software was used to simulate the signal timing scheme at congested intersections， and the situation of changing a straight lane into a variable lane was considered. At the same time， Matlab was used to simulate the intersection signal scheme using fuzzy control， and a comparative analysis was conducted between the two. Through simulation， the effectiveness of the proposed congestion alleviation strategy in alleviating traffic congestion was verified.

Key words： intersection control; fuzzy control; green light extension time; Matlab; simulation

0    引    言

在城市化进程不断加速的今天，交通拥堵、交通事故和车辆排放已经成为城市面临的严重挑战之一。而制定有效的信号灯控制策略，具有显著改进交通安全和通行效率的潜力。指定有效的控制策略有望有效减少道路交叉口内车辆、行人和非机动车之间的冲突，可以降低潜在的交通事故风险，并提高交叉口的通行效率[1]。在应对复杂的道路网络时，加上交叉口车辆具有到达的随机性等特点，传统信号控制方式表现出不适应性的缺点，因此已经无法满足现在的交通需求。然而，当前的研究多是以实时监控为基础，缺少对历史数据的有效利用，从而也在某种程度上造成了自适应信号控制的滞后[2]。……