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TOED理论框架下区块链赋能跨境供应链溯源模式研究

2024-06-21赵爽崔雨彤

物流科技 2024年10期

赵爽 崔雨彤

摘 要:现阶段跨境电商发展迅速,但跨境贸易过程中存在各主体间信息不对称、物流追溯困难、数据管理难度大等问题。为解决这些问题,文章基于TOED理论框架分析区块链技术与跨境供应链溯源在技术、组织、环境、数据4个方面的耦合,并提出了基于区块链的跨境供应链溯源模式,以实现各类信息的实时共享,提高溯源效率。最后,结合天猫国际的区块链溯源系统进行了实证分析,结果表明,区块链赋能跨境供应链溯源模式可以有效提高溯源的可信度和透明度,保障消费者权益,推动跨境贸易发展。

关键词:区块链;供应链溯源;跨境电商;TOED理论框架;模式创新

中图分类号:F724.6 文献标志码:ADOI:10.13714/j.cnki.1002-3100.2024.10.028

Abstract: At present, cross-border e-commerce is developing rapidly, but there are some problems in the process of cross-border trade, such as information asymmetry among various entities, logistics traceability difficulties, and data management difficulties. In order to solve these problems, based on the TOED theoretical framework, this paper analyzes the coupling of blockchain technology and cross-border supply chain traceability in four aspects: technology, organization, environment and data, and proposes a blockchain-based cross-border supply chain traceability model to realize real-time sharing of all kinds of information and improve traceability efficiency. Finally, the empirical analysis is carried out with the blockchain traceability system of Tmall International, and the results show that the traceability model of cross-border supply chain empowered by blockchain can effectively improve the credibility and transparency of traceability, protect consumer rights and promote cross-border trade.

Key words: blockchain; supply chain traceability; cross-border e-commerce; TOED framework;model innovation

0    引    言

近年来,伴随着“一带一路”倡议沿线国家和地区贸易往来的深度推进,跨境电商迅速崛起,并成为我国对外贸易的新兴增长点。跨境电商的兴起离不开供应链的支持,跨境供应链是一个典型的复杂分布式环境,不仅涉及到多元化的角色实体,还包括货物流、资金流和信息流等多种数据。因此,物流信息不对称、跨境协作不连贯、货物流转信息追溯困难、易篡改丢失、管理成本高等问题频繁出现。作为一种新型技术,区块链技术在供应链溯源领域具有极大的应用潜力。区块链具有数据不可篡改、开放性、分布式账本的特点,可以提升数据的安全性和可信性。借助区块链技术,将物联网等技术应用于跨境供应链溯源中,可以有效解决数据存储和流通过程中的信息不对称和不透明等问题。……

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