王校羽　黄永亮

［摘要］ 批判性思维是我国外语教育领域的重要研究议题，该议题引起了诸多国内学者的重视。本文在厘清批判性思维和思辨能力之间关系的基础上，回顾了二十余年来我国外语专业学生批判性思维的相关研究，发现批判性思维的理论研究相对薄弱，涉及教学手段或课程改革的批判性思维研究和批判性思维量具构建及应用的研究成果相对丰硕。最后，本文展望了我国外语专业学生批判性思维未来研究的关注点。本领域研究将进一步扎实批判性思维理论，融通外语专业学生批判性思维的测评、教学和学习，将测评育人、课程育人与批判性思维的培养有机结合，为筑牢优秀外语人才的思维基础，更好胜任未来工作岗位提供实践参考。

［关键词］ 外语专业学生；批判性思维技能；批判性思维品质；教学；测评

［中图分类号］ H319［文献标识码］ A［文献编号］ 1002-2643（2023）03-0038-10

Two Decades of Studies on Critical Thinking Teaching and Assessment of

the Foreign Language Majors in China（1998-2022）

WANG Xiaoyu HUANG Yongliang

（1. School of Foreign Languages， Hebei Normal University for Nationalities， Chengde 067000，

China; 2. Department of Foreign Language Teaching and Research， Hebei Normal

University， Shijiazhuang 050024， China）

Abstract： Critical thinking （CT） has been an up-and-coming issue in the field of Chinas foreign language education and it has attracted due attention of domestic scholars. This paper， clarified the Chinese translation concerning CT， provides a detailed synthesis of CT studies on domestic majors of foreign languages so far. It is found that research topics cover CT theories， teaching means or curriculum reform， and assessment. The research of the former topic is less while those of the latter two are relative abundant. It is concluded by discussing future trends in CT studies in domestic majors of foreign languages， arguing that focusing on this area will strengthen the theoretical research of CT， integrate assessment， teaching and learning of CT for domestic majors of foreign languages， converge assessment education， curriculum education and CT cultivation， and shed light on how to consolidate the foundations of CT for talents of foreign languages and promote their proficiency for the future.

Key words： foreign language majors; critical thinking skills; critical thinking dispositions; teaching and learning; assessment

1.引言

批判性思維（critical thinking，CT）是“有目的的、自我调整性的判断，该判断可促成对其所依据的论据、概念、方法、标准或背景等因素加以解释、分析、评价、推论与阐释” （Facione，1990：3）。上述界定是费西万（Facione）教授受美国大学入学前阶段哲学委员会的委托，牵头组织哲学、教育、社会科学和自然科学等四个领域的批判性思维专家，在对批判性思维及其教学与测评进行系统的调查研究的基础上，最终在《特尔斐报告》（The Delphi Report）中达成的专家共识。批判性思维是培养高校毕业生未来岗位卓越胜任力必不可少的关键要素（Liu et al.，2014）。……