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沉浸式学习环境下学习者认知负荷测量

2023-08-21黄安仪崔宁黎思琪黄峻荣

现代信息科技 2023年12期

黄安仪 崔宁 黎思琪 黄峻荣

摘  要:沉浸式学习环境借助智慧课室、虚拟现实(VR)、5G技术,实现了为学习者提供跨越空间、时间的沉浸式体验,有利于学习者以自己为中心积极主动地参与到课堂内容的学习。然而沉浸式学习环境下又因其自身的环境虚拟性、操作复杂性、任务多样性等无形之中增加了学习者的认知负荷。文章通过对现有的沉浸学习情境中学习者的认知负荷的测试方法进行了分析,并对现有测试手段存在的缺陷进行了梳理,并提出了一种全面的沉浸学习环境中学习者的认知负荷测试方法。即“脑电捕获+主观评定”,首先通过计算“脑电捕获”相关数据来获取学习者认知负荷的瞬时大小,其次通过“主观评定”来验证测量结果的准确性,对测量结果进行验证,以增强本测量方法的可信度。

关键词:沉浸式学习环境;认知负荷测量;学习者

中图分类号:TP391  文献标识码:A  文章编号:2096-4706(2023)12-0089-04

Measurement of Learners' Cognitive Load in Immersive Learning Environment

HUANG Anyi, CUI Ning, LI Siqi, HUANG Junrong

(School of Information Engineering & Business Management, Guangdong Nanhua Vocational College of Industry and Commerce, Guangzhou  510507, China)

Abstract: With the help of smart classroom, Virtual Reality (VR) and 5G technology, the immersive learning environment provides learners with immersive experience across space and time, which is conducive to learners' self-centered and active participation in the learning of classroom content. However, the immersive learning environment also increases the cognitive load of learners because of its own virtual environment, operational complexity, task diversity and other intangible factors. This paper analyzes the existing test methods of learners' cognitive load in the immersive learning environment, combs the defects of the existing test methods, and proposes a comprehensive test method of learners' cognitive load in the immersive learning environment. That is, “EEG capture + subjective assessment”. Firstly, the instantaneous size of learners' cognitive load is obtained by calculating the relevant data of “EEG capture”. Secondly, the accuracy of the measurement results is verified by “subjective assessment”, and the measurement results are verified to enhance the credibility of this measurement method.

Keywords: immersive learning environment; cognitive load measurement; learner

0  引  言

隨着信息技术在教育领域的深入应用,沉浸式学习愈来愈成为未来学习者开展个性化学习的重要手段,亦是新时期教育信息化发展的新要求。2018年12月25日,国家工信部印发了《工业和信息化部关于加快推进虚拟现实产业发展的指导意见》。《意见》提出:“要把虚拟现实技术运用到高等教育、职业教育、物理、化学、生物、地理等领域”[1]。可见VR(Virtual Reality)等沉浸式教学在教学中的重要作用。

然而沉浸式学习环境中,通过对目前已有的学习背景下学习者认知负荷的测验方法的研究,总结了目前的测验方法的不足,并给出了一个综合的测验方法。……

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