解答2022年英语高考全国乙卷中书面表达题的几个步骤
2023-07-14陈瑾
陈瑾
2022年英语高考全国乙卷的书面表达题要求同学们根据图表显示的调查结果写出一篇短文,写作要素包括根据图表讨论学习活动的情况,并根据这些活动情况进行简单评论以及提出建议。写作内容要求同学们对图表进行一个描述,抓住图表的主要数据,占比最高数据,占比最低数据,以及中间数据,有层次、有条理地介绍当今学习英语的现状,指出人数的百分比和活动类型,并且对数据进行简单的点评,同时提出自己的建议。那么,对于此类型题目,我们应该如何写出一篇高分作文呢?下面笔者谈谈自己的想法。
一、先审题
学校英文报正在开展以Learning English Beyond the Classroom为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文来投稿,内容包括:
1.学习活动状况描述;2.简单评论;3.你的建议。注意:
1.词数100左右;2.短文的题目和首句已为你写好。
Learning English Beyond the Classroom
There are many things we can do to learn English well.
通过阅读题目,同学们要清楚本次写作的写作内容:1.陈述图表呈现的数据:学生在课外时间学习英语的四种方式——听英语歌曲、看英语电影、读英语书籍和浏览英语学习网站;2.针对这些不同的学习方式进行评论;3.对课外学习英语的方式提出一些合理化的建议。
在开始正式写作之前,同学们必须从五个方面认真审题:1.话题Topic:"学生在课外时间学习英语的方式";2.体裁writing style:图表类短文;3.时态tense:表达学习活动状况描述和简单评论,主要用一般现在时,关于建议,会用一般将来时,或者用情态动词来表达建议;4.人称person:考生我为第一人称,参与英语学习活动情况调查的"学生们"为第三人称;5.作文结构:第一段引出话题,陈述图表内容;第二段针对图表内容进行评论;第三段发表个人建议。
二、列要点
在认真审题之后,同学们就可以开始列出文章要点,明晰文章应该怎么写:
1.图表透露出什么信息?反映出了什么问题?
18%的学生读英语书籍;65%的学生听英语歌曲;50%的学生看英语电影;12%的学生浏览英语学习网站。说明学生重娱乐,忽视或者不愿枯燥地看书或者学习。
2.怎么描述图表呈现的数据及学习方法?
通常用百分比percent,注意percent 没有复数,如:65 percent of the students;18% of them;百分之五十:50 percent of the students 或者half of the students;动词:take up、account for。因此在数据部分我们可以描述为:A recent survey suggests that the majority of students being interviewed, about 65%,tend to learn English by listening to English songs.50% of them choose to watch English movies as a way of learning. Reading English books and visiting English learning sites prove to be the less popular ways, accounting for18% and 12% respectively.或:The percentage of the students who listen to English songs is as high as 65%.50% of them watch English movies while only 18% read English books. Those who visit English-learning websites accounts for 18% and 12% respectively.
或:A study of our school shows that listening to English songs and watching movies in English are the most popular activities among our students, taking up 65% and 50%. But only less than 1/5 students read Eng- lish books or visit English study websites.
總的来说,本篇文章的要点可以总结为三个部分:
第一部分:介绍调查数据——四种学习方式各自的占比情况;
第二部分:总结这一调查所体现的现象——以娱乐方式比如看电影、听音乐来学习英语的人数居多;
第三部分:给出建议——可以多角度,不受限,只要建议是正面的,比如:
1.多种学习方法应均衡使用;
2.可尝试其他学习方式。
三、准备词语和句式
本题中的开头句式已经给出,同学们只需把握好篇中的过渡衔接句式以及结尾的总结句式即可。以图表类写作体裁为例,常用到的句式包括:
篇首:(引出图表数据)1.The table / chart/ graph shows that …;2. According to the survey /table / chart …;3.As is shown in the table / chart / graph..;4. It is clear / apparent from the table / chart/ graph..;5. The table shows the changes in the number of...over the periodfrom.to.
篇中:(过渡句式):1.It turns out that students…;2.However, from my point of view..;3.As we can see in the chart …;
结尾:So here come my proposals.
四、范文例析
Learning English Beyond the Classroom
There are many things we can do to learn Eng- lish well. A recent survey suggests that the majority of students being interviewed, about 65%, tend to learn English by listening to English songs.50% of them choo-se to watch English movies as a way of learning.Read- ing English books and visiting English learning sites prove to be the less popular ways,accounting for 18% and 12% respectively.(根据图表信息,描述已知的数据信息,引出图表数据)。
As we can see in the chart,(过渡句式,开始分析) there are a wide range of English learning methods be- yond the classroom. The majority of students regard watching English movies and learning to English songs as their top priorities, while the others, actually very few students,prefer to read English books and surf onthe English learning websites.
However, personally speaking, watching English movies and listening to English songs are more like ways of entertainment. I'm afraid very little can be learnt in such ways, especially when the plot or the rhythm is fascinating.(總结这一调查所体现的现象——以娱乐方式比如看电影、听音乐来学习英语的人数居多,但这一方式学习内容较少,局限性大,为后续的建议部分定下主题)。
So here come my proposals.(过渡句式,给出建议)After appreciating the plot, we should purposely learn the wonderful dialogues and expressions in the English movies to enrich our language. And the similar thing can happen when we listen to English songs. Re- peating the lines in the exact way the singer does can be a good chance to better our English pronunciation. Only in these ways can English movies and songs be helpful to our English learning.(从多角度出发指导同学们应如何在电影、音乐这些大众娱乐中学习到更多的英文知识,提升自己的综合素养。)
总之,根据高考英语作文评分细则的几个档次,同学们要想让自己的英文写作获得高分,那么写作内容就要包含所有的要点。在格式、语法、词汇、句式正确的前提条件下多使用较复杂的语法结构和高级词汇,并且恰当地使用过渡词和衔接词,保证语句的连贯性,上下文逻辑通顺,行文流畅,能正确表述自己的观点和态度。另外,书写美观也能给阅卷老师留下较好的印象,从而帮助自己的文章获得高分。
(作者单位:福建省罗源第一中学)