吴作好　戴健

摘 要：基于中國语境下的国家治理理念，以政府职能转变为视角，检视我国公共体育政策的历史变迁。研究认为：公共体育政策和制度供给是国家治理体育事业的重要手段，公共体育政策创新是体育行政部门职能转变的主要推动力；我国公共体育政策演变经历了服务国家意识形态与政治宣传的萌芽阶段，主张放开搞活、放管结合的深化改革阶段，注重全面开放、有序繁荣的科学布局阶段，鼓励多元主体、协同共治的融合发展阶段等过程，体现了国家治理体育事业发展思路的重大调整。历史证明，我国公共体育政策安排和制定不但映照了国家治理模式，凸显了政府职能不断转变，又深刻影响着国家治理模式的重塑；同时我国公共体育政策的发展还存在一定的现实困境与制约因素，即政策制定的供需匹配有待优化，政策执行的过程安排有待强化，政策实施的效果监控有待深化。提出未来我国公共体育政策的创新路径：树立以公共利益与需求为导向的公共体育政策决策理念；建立更加科学化、民主化的公共体育政策决策执行机制；完善多元参与、有效协同的公共体育政策决策格局。

关键词：国家治理；政府职能；公共体育政策；历史变迁；创新路径

中图分类号：G812.0 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-2076（2023）03-0017-09

Historical Changes and Path Selection of Chinas Public Sports Policy in the Transformation of National Governance

WU Zuohao， DAI Jian

School of Economics and Management， Shanghai University of Sport， Shanghai 200438， China

Abstract：Based on the concept of national governance in the Chinese context， this paper examines the historical changes of Chinas public sports policy from the perspective of the transformation of government functions. It is believed that public sports policies and institutional supply are important means for the country to govern the sports industry， and innovation in public sports policies is the main driving force for the transformation of the functions of sports administrative departments; the evolution of China's public sports policy has gone through the embryonic stage of serving the national ideology and political propaganda， the stage of deepening reform that advocates the combination of liberalization， invigoration and regulation， the stage of scientific layout that pays attention to comprehensive opening， orderly prosperity， and the stage of integration and development that encourages multiple subjects and collaborative governance， which reflects the major adjustment of the development ideas of national governance of sports. History has proved that the arrangement and formulation of public sports policies in China not only reflect the national governance model， highlight the continuous transformation of  government functions， but also profoundly affect the remodeling of[JP+1] the national governance model; At the same time， there are still certain practical dilemmas and  constraints in the development of public sports policies in China. The matching of supply and demand in policy formulation needs to be optimized， the process arrangement of policy implementation needs to be strengthened， and the monitoring of the effectiveness of policy implementation needs to be deepened. For the optimization of China's public sports policy in the future， we should establish a public sports policy decision-making concept guided by public interests and needs， establish a more scientific and democratic public sports policy decision-making implementation mechanism and improve the public sports policy decision-making pattern with multiple participation and effective coordination.

Key words：national governance; government functions; public sports policy;  historical changes;  innovation path

党的十八届三中全会将推进国家治理体系与治理能力现代化作为我国全面深化改革的总目标，建构了中国特色的“国家治理”理论，它不仅强调治理主体和治理方式的多样性，而且更加关注国家治理的合法性和公正性［1］。……