马林楠 刘宏恩 范海楠

摘 要： 目的：探討12周足球运动对一年级小学生学业成绩及注意网络效率的影响，并进一步分析注意网络效率及3个子网络效率在足球运动影响学业成绩的中介作用。方法：采用《儿童心理体检量表》筛选出符合实验要求的一年级小学生51名，随机分为足球教学组（男13名，女12名）和常规体育教学组（男13名，女13名），分别进行12周中等强度足球运动干预或常规体育活动干预，每周2次，每次45 min。运动干预前后分别采用注意网络测试测量注意网络效率及3个子网络效率，同步采集学业成绩。使用重复测量方差分析、温忠麟中介效应检验对数据进行分析。结果：经过12周运动干预后，两组被试的学业成绩总分均有显著提高，足球教学组的提高幅度更显著（ P =0.002）；两组被试的注意网络测试的平均反应时均显著缩短，足球教学组的缩短幅度更显著（ P ≤0.001）；两组被试的执行控制网络效率均显著提高，足球教学组的提高幅度更显著（ P ≤0.001）；两组被试注意网络测试的正确率、警觉网络效率、定向网络效率均没有显著变化；执行控制网络效率在足球运动干预影响学业成绩中起部分中介作用，中介效应量为63.14    。结论：足球运动既可以直接促进一年级小学生学业成绩提升，也可以通过提高注意网络效率（尤其是执行控制网络效率）间接提升一年级小学生的学业成绩。

关键词： 足球运动；儿童；注意网络；学业成绩

中图分类号：G804.85;G843   文献标识码：A  文章编号：1006-2076（2023）01-0098-10

Impact of Football on the Academic Performance of First Grade Pupils： Paying Attention to the Intermediary Role of Network Efficiency

MA Linnan， LIU Hongen， FAN Hainan

School of Graduate Education， Shandong Sport University， Jinan 250102， Shandong， China

Abstract：  Objective： To explore the effect of 12 week football on the academic performance and attention network efficiency of grade one pupils， and to further analyze the intermediary role of attention network efficiency and three sub network efficiency in the effect of football on academic performance.  Methods：  51 first grade pupils who met the experimental requirements were selected by using the children's psychological physical examination scale. They were randomly divided into football teaching group （13 males and 12 females） and routine physical education teaching group （13 males and 13 females）. 12 weeks of equal intensity football sports intervention or routine sports activities intervention were carried out  twice a week， each time for 45 minutes. Attention network test was used to measure  attention network efficiency and three sub network efficiency before and after exercise intervention， and academic achievements were collected synchronously. The data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA and Wenzhonglin mediation effect test.  Results： After 12 weeks of sports intervention， the total scores of the two groups' academic achievements were significantly improved， especially in the football teaching group （ P =0.002）; The average reaction time of the attention network test of the two groups was significantly shorter than that of the football teaching group （ P ≤0.001）; The efficiency of executive control network in the two groups was significantly improved， especially in the football teaching group （ P ≤0.001）; There were no significant changes in the accuracy of attention network test， alertness network efficiency and orientation network efficiency between the two groups; The efficiency of executive control network plays a mediating role in the effect of football intervention on academic performance， and the mediating effect is 63.14    . Conclusion： Football can not only directly promote the academic performance of grade one pupils， but also indirectly improve the academic performance of pupils by improving the efficiency of attention network （especially the efficiency of executive control network）.

Key words： football; children; pay attention to the network; academic achievement

青少年体魄强健、意志坚强、充满活力，是一个民族旺盛生命力的体现。……