许金富 路来冰 王海霞 杨少雄

摘 要： 服務化是体育用品制造企业转型升级的重要趋势之一，服务化能否推动企业经营绩效的增长，以及相关因素的调节效应如何？回答这一问题对体育用品制造企业服务化发展具有重要意义。本研究以沪深A股、新三板的体育用品制造企业为研究样本，探究服务化对经营绩效的影响，以及技术创新、行业多元化在其中的调节效应。结果表明：当前我国体育用品制造企业服务化尚处于较低水平，具有较大的提升空间；体育用品制造企业服务化对经营绩效具有先抑制后促进的“U型”非线性关系，“U型”曲线拐点为16.40%；技术创新在服务化对经营绩效的影响中，不具有调节效应；行业多元化在服务化对经营绩效的调节效应表现为“倒U型”非线性关系。提出如下建议：注重营销与市场推广力度，推进下游产业链服务化；增加高质量研发投入，向上游产业链服务化延伸；有序开展行业多元化，带动企业向上下游产业链服务化攀升，努力实现完全去制造化。

关键词： 体育用品制造业；服务化；经营绩效；技术创新；行业多元化

中图分类号：G80-052   文献标识码：A  文章编号：1006-2076（2023）01-0037-11

Influence of Sports Goods Manufacturing Enterprises Servitization on Business Performance：Based on the Empirical Research of Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share and NEEQ Enterprises

XU Jinfu 1，2，LU Laibing 2，WANG Haixia 3，YANG Shaoxiong 2

1.Sports Industry Development Research Center， Fujian Jiangxia Univ.， Fuzhou 350108， China; 2. School of P.E. and Sport Science， Fujian Normal Univ.， Fuzhou 350108， Fujian， China; 3. Basic Courses Dept.， Hebei Agricultural Univ.， Cangzhou 061100， Hebei， China

Abstract： Servitization is one of the important trends in the transformation and upgrading of sports goods manufacturing enterprises. Can servitization promote the growth of enterprise business performance， and what are the moderating effects of related factors？ To answer this question is of great significance to the servitization development of sports goods manufacturing enterprises. This study takes sports goods manufacturers in Shanghai and Shenzhen A-shares and the New Third Board as research samples to explore the impact of servitization on business performance， as well as the moderating effects of technological innovation and industry diversification. The results showed that at present， the service of Chinese sports goods manufacturing enterprises is still at the low level， and there is a large space for improvement. The servitization of sporting goods manufacturing enterprises has a "U-shaped" nonlinear relationship on business performance， which first inhibits and then promotes， and the inflection point of "U-shaped" curve is 16.40%. Technological innovation has no moderating effect on the impact of servitization on business performance. The moderating effect of industry diversification on servitization on business performance shows an  "inverted U-shaped" nonlinear relationship. It is suggested that the enterprises promote the servitization of downstream industry chain based on the emphasis on marketing and marketing promotion; increase investment in high-quality research and development to extend the upstream industrial chain as a service; carry out industrial diversification in an orderly manner， drive enterprises to become service-oriented in the upward and downstream industrial chain， and strive to achieve complete de-manufacturing.

Key words： sports goods manufacturing industry; servitization; business performance; technological innovation; diversification of industry

近年来，随着我国劳动力、土地、原材料等生产要素成本的上升，以及日益激烈的市场竞争和多样化的消费需求，使得处于全球价值链中低端的体育用品制造业逐渐失去了竞争优势，中国体育用品制造业转型升级和跨越发展的任务紧迫而艰巨。2015年，国务院颁发的《中国制造2025》指出，“加快制造与服务的协同发展，……促进生产型制造向服务型制造转变” ［1］。