癌源性细胞外囊泡在皮肤鳞状细胞癌诊疗中的研究进展
2023-06-07杨雪滢李东霞廉琛
杨雪滢 李东霞 廉琛
【摘 要】皮肤鳞状细胞癌(CSCC)是世界上最常见的癌症之一,尽管CSCC通常预后良好,但部分患者表现为局部复发、淋巴结转移、远处转移等,故积极寻求CSCC新的诊断及治疗方法具有重要意义。细胞外囊泡(EV)是富含蛋白质、核酸、脂质等生物活性物质,通过介导细胞间通讯,在机体的生理和病理过程中发挥重要作用。EV与皮肤鳞状细胞癌的发生发展密切相关,是皮肤鳞癌早期诊断、靶向治疗的潜在标志物。本文对CSCC源性EV生物发生及其在CSCC诊断、预后、治疗中的研究进展作一综述,旨在探讨EV在CSCC临床诊断和治疗中的潜在价值。
【关键词】皮肤鳞状细胞癌;细胞外囊泡;Dsg2;RNA;P38
中图分类号:R739.5 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1004-4949(2023)08-0172-04
Research Progress of Cancer-derived Extracellular Vesicles in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
YANG Xue-ying1,2, LI Dong-xia1, LIAN Chen1,2
(1.Department of Dermatology and Venereal Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia, China; 2.Graduate School of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia, China)
【Abstract】Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. Although CSCC usually has a good prognosis, some patients show local recurrence, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, etc. Therefore, it is of great significance to actively seek new diagnosis and treatment methods for CSCC. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are rich in proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and other bioactive substances, which play an important role in the physiological and pathological processes of the body by mediating intercellular communication. EV is closely related to the occurrence and development of skin squamous cell carcinoma, and is a potential marker for early diagnosis and targeted therapy of skin squamous cell carcinoma. This article reviews the research progress of CSCC-derived EV biogenesis and its role in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of CSCC, aiming to explore the potential value of EV in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of CSCC.
【Key words】Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma; Extracellular vesicles; Dsg2; RNA; P38
皮肤鳞状细胞癌(cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma,CSCC)是临床第二常见的非黑素性皮肤肿瘤,临床发病率高。虽然通常通过及时手术切除可以治愈,但大多数患者在确诊时往往已是癌症晚期,治疗效果不佳、复发率高、预后差[1-3]。CSCC的危险因素有长期紫外线辐射、慢性溃疡、皮肤慢性炎症等[4-6]。细胞外囊泡(extracellular vesicle,EV)[7]是细胞经过“内吞-融合-外排”等一系列调控过程而形成的膜性囊泡,肿瘤细胞是EVs的积极生产者,癌源性EVs通过自分泌或旁分泌方式携带蛋白质、基因等转运维持肿瘤生长所需的因子,从而介导肿瘤细胞与周围基质组织之间的通信,参与癌症的发展、免疫逃逸、转移和耐药。与循环肿瘤细胞(circulating tumor cells,CTCs)和无细胞DNA(cfDNA)相比,EV具有较好的微创性、稳定性和组织相容性,使其在癌症液体活检中可作为新的生物标志物[8]。……
