韩香英 李玲 史晓燕 陈蓓

【摘 要】目的 探析口腔修复对先天性缺牙患者的咀嚼功能及满意度的影响。方法 选取本院2021年1月-12月收治的102例先天性缺牙患者为研究对象，采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组，各51例。对照组行常规正畸治疗，观察组行常规正畸治疗+口腔修复，比较两组恢复效果、语言功能、咀嚼功能、不良情况、舒适度、满意度、生活质量。结果 观察组恢复总有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组语言功能、咀嚼功能评分高于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组舒适度评分高于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组满意度、生活质量各维度评分均高于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组不良反应发生率低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 对先天性缺牙患者实施正畸治疗联合口腔修复，能够增强患者的语言功能和咀嚼功能，提高患者的生活质量、舒适度和满意度，还能够预防不良反应的发生。

【关键词】口腔修复；先天性缺牙；咀嚼功能

中图分类号：R783.3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1004-4949（2023）08-0043-04

Effect of Dental Prosthesis on Masticatory Function and Satisfaction in Patients with Congenital Missing Teeth

HAN Xiang-ying， LI Ling， SHI Xiao-yan， CHEN Bei

（Shijiazhuang Medical College， Shijiazhuang 050000， Hebei， China）

【Abstract】Objective To explore the clinical effect of dental prosthesis on masticatory function and satisfaction of patients with congenital missing teeth. Methods A total of 102 patients with congenital missing teeth admitted to our hospital from January to December 2021 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method， with 51 patients in each group. The control group received routine orthodontic treatment， and the observation group received routine orthodontic treatment+dental prosthesis. The recovery effect， language function， masticatory function， adverse conditions， comfort， satisfaction and quality of life were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of recovery in the observation group was higher than that in the control group （P<0.05）. The scores of language function and chewing function in the observation group were higher than those in the control group （P<0.05）. The comfort score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group （P<0.05）. The scores of satisfaction and quality of life in the observation group were higher than those in the control group （P<0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Orthodontic treatment combined with dental prosthesis for patients with congenital missing teeth can enhance the language function and masticatory function of patients， improve the quality of life， comfort and satisfaction of patients， and prevent the occurrence of adverse reactions.

【Key words】Dental prosthesis； Congenital missing teeth； Masticatory function

先天性缺牙（congenital missing teeth）由先天發育异常所致，患者可能存在缺牙、无牙等情况，需尽早治疗，以免出现牙槽骨萎缩、食物嵌塞等问题，不及时治疗可能导致患者的咀嚼功能下降，增加牙周病、龋齿发病概率，使患者的口腔健康受到严重危害[1，2]。正畸治疗在牙科临床应用较为普遍，主要发挥矫治器作用，纠正患者的牙齿倾斜、移位等问题，使牙齿与骨骼保持协调，确保牙间隙正常，有利于改善患者的语言和咀嚼功能[3]。然而，正畸疗法过于单一，虽然能够提高患者的牙齿美观度，但其语言、咀嚼功能恢复受限，甚至还可能存在不良反应，还需配合口腔修复治疗，以增强临床疗效，使患者恢复正常的语言及咀嚼功能。……