张继 尧金燕 龙兴 彭晓露 方仁 唐文忠

摘要要：【目的】为了探究合适的番木瓜采后贮藏温度，减轻果实失重率和腐烂率及细胞结构的变化。【方法】以‘大青番木瓜果实为供试材料，分别采用3个不同贮藏温度（2、10、20℃），于贮藏20d内测定外观品质、用石蜡切片法观察细胞结构。【结果】在2、10、20℃不同温度贮藏期间，番木瓜果实的失重率和腐烂率均在2℃贮藏时数值最低，在20℃贮藏时最高，10℃贮藏时变化较小；果肉细胞在2℃贮藏20 d时出现皱缩变形，部分出现细胞质壁分离现象。【结论】在3个贮藏温度条件下，番木瓜果实失重率和腐烂率及细胞结构在10℃贮藏时的果实外观及细胞结构均优于其他两个温度处理。

关键词：番木瓜；温度；果实外观品质；细胞结构

中图分类号：S668.2                      文献标识码：A                      文章编号：2095-5774（2023）06-0437-04

Effects of Different Storage Temperatures on Postharvest Fruit Appearance

Quality and its Cytological Mechanism of Papaya

Zhang Ji，Yao Jinyan，Long Xing，Peng Xiaolu，Fang Ren，Tang Wenzhong*

（Horticultural Research Institute，Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Nanning，Guangxi 530007，China）

Abstract：【Objective】 In order to study the suitable storage temperature of postharvest papaya and reduce fruit weight loss rate，decay rate and cytological structure changes. 【Method】 The fruit of papaya ‘Daqing was stored at different temperatures （2℃，10℃ and 20℃） for 20 days. Fruit appearance qualities were measured and cytological structures were observed using paraffin methods. 【Result】 Fruit weight loss rate and decay rate of papaya were the lowest when stored at 2℃ while the rate was the highest when stored at 20℃. Fruit had fewer changes when stored at 10℃. Flesh cell was wrinkled and deformed and some cell was to undergo plasmolysis when stored at 20℃ for 20 days. 【Conclusion】The appearance quality and cytological structure of fruit when stored at 10℃ were better than those when stored at 2℃ and 10℃.

Key  words：Papaya；Temperature；Fruit appearance quality；Cytological Structure

番木瓜（Carica papaya L.）是番木瓜科番木瓜屬植物，起源于热带美洲，主产地是墨西哥、巴西、东南亚等国家地区，我国主要在海南、广东、广西等南方省区种植［1］。番木瓜果实属呼吸跃变型［2］，采后成熟衰老速度很快，目前在采后保鲜上一般用低温保藏技术来延长果实的贮藏时间［3-6］。同时，番木瓜又是冷敏型水果，国内外相关研究表明，低温冷藏能够延长鲜果的保鲜期，但是在5℃以下又会出现严重冷害现象，表现为水渍病斑等症状［7，8］。因此，选择适宜的贮藏温度能够有效地保持采后果实的外观品质，延长货架期，提高果实的商品性［8］。本研究观测3个贮藏温度下番木瓜果实外观品质及细胞超微结构变化，为进一步探究番木瓜果实采后生理生化机理奠定基础。……