黄美珍 张宇豪 林童

摘要要：【目的】农田土壤重金属污染问题是农产品安全的隐患，以镉铅污染土壤为试验地，探究镉铅污染土壤上农产品安全利用的有效钝化措施，为镉铅污染土壤安全利用提供切实有效的方法。【方法】通过对镉铅污染土壤撒施碱性钝化剂石灰石粉，施用量为0.3 kg/m2，检测石灰石粉施用前后土壤pH值、重金属有效态，测定施用后采收的上海青茎叶的重金属含量，分析石灰石粉钝化措施效果。【结果】实施石灰石粉处理后，镉铅污染土壤的pH值升高0.2，有效镉含量降低0.04 mg/kg、有效铅含量降低1.38 mg/kg，产出的农产品可食用部位重金属含量均低于国家标准的污染限量值。【结论】0.3 kg/m2石灰石粉钝化处理能够实现镉铅污染土壤的有效镉、有效铅钝化，处理后的土壤能够实现农产品安全生产。

关键词：钝化剂；镉铅污染；耕地安全利用

中图分类号：S661.2                       文献标识码：A                      文章編号：2095-5774（2023）06-0432-05

Study on Remediation Effect of Passivation Agent on Cd-Pb Polluted Soil

Huang Meizhen1，Zhang Yuhao2，Lin Tong2

（1 Licheng District Agriculture，Rural，Water Conservancy and Fishery Comprehensive Service center，Quanzhou ，Fujian 362000，China;

2 China Certification & Inspection Group Fujian Co.，LTD，Fuzhou，Fujian 350015，China）

Abstract： 【Objective】Heavy metal pollution in farmland is a hidden danger to the safety of agricultural products. Using Cd-Pb polluted soil as the experimental site，this study explores effective passivation measures for the safe utilization of agricultural products in Cd-Pb polluted soil，providing practical and effective methods for the safe utilization of Cd-Pb polluted soil.【Method】By spreading 0.3 kg/m2 limestone powder as alkaline passivation agent in Cd-Pb polluted soil，the soil pH value and available heavy metal status before and after the application of limestone powder were detected，and the heavy metal content in the stems and leaves of Brassica rapa leaves after application was measured to evaluate the effectiveness of limestone powder passivation measures. 【Result】 After the application of limestone powder，the pH value of Cd-Pb polluted soil increased by 0.2，the available Cd content decreased by 0.04 mg/kg，and the available Pb content decreased by 1.38 mg/kg. The heavy metal content in the edible parts of the produced agricultural products was lower than the pollution limit value of GB 2726-2022 standard. 【Conclusion】Limestone powder passivation  treatment can achieve available Cd and Pb passivation in Cd-Pb polluted soil，and the passivated soil can achieve safe production of agricultural products.

Key words：Passivato；Cd-Pb pollution；Safe use of cultivated land

土壤是人类赖以生存的重要基础，但随着工业化进程，土壤受到了不同程度的污染，尤其是土壤重金属的积累严重危害到人类的健康，土壤重金属治理是农业安全生产研究的重点与热点［1-5］。2005年我国开展了首次全国土壤污染状况调查，结果显示土壤总的超标率为16.1%，其中镉点位超标率达到7.0%，铅点位超标率1.5%［6］。土壤重金属通常与其它物质以结合态存在，在一定条件下转变为游离态，这部分游离态重金属称为有效态重金属，土壤有效态重金属含量升高，直接造成食用农产品富集重金属增多，所以土壤重金属治理迫在眉睫［7-9］。……