王文龙 王森 崔佳琦

摘 要：2022年北京冬奧会背景下，花样滑冰作为我国的传统优势项目承担着夺冠的时代使命，如何破除制约项目发展的主要矛盾、提升运动表现成为现实的紧迫需求。研究发现：我国花样滑冰项目面临着较高艺术表现力需求与运动员年龄较小、阅历不足，对基础体能与专项体能训练的倚重，优势项目与暂时落后项目等制约备战工作的矛盾。提出更新训练理念，提升中青年选手的艺术表现力;以科学监控为抓手，处理好控制体重与保持体能的关系;以体教融合为引领，加强运动员的文化学习和思想建设;重视基础体能，形成基础体能作保障、专项体能促提高的科学训练模式等策略选择。辩证协调处理好上述矛盾，借以提升花样滑冰运动员在2022年冬奥会上的表现，为“参赛精彩”做出贡献。

关键词：花样滑冰;双人滑;2022年北京冬奥会;主要矛盾;策略选择

中图分类号：G811.212/G862.2                文献标识码：A                文章编号：1002-3488（2022）02-0032-06

The Main Contradiction and Strategy Choice of Chinese Figure Skating Preparing for 2022 Winter Olympic Games

WANG Wen-long1， WANG Sen2， CUI Jia-qi1

（1. Physical Education Department of Northeast Normal University， Changchun 130024， China; 2. Competitive Sports School of Beijing Sport University， Beijing 100084， China）

Abstract： In the context of the 2022 Winter Olympics， in view of the fact that figure skating， as a traditional advantageous event in my country， undertakes the mission of the times to win the championship， break the realistic and urgent needs of restricting contradictions and improving sports performance， and explore the main contradictions and development strategies that restrict the development of figure skating projects. Figure skating in my country is faced with contradictions such as higher artistic expression requirements， young athletes and insufficient experience， reliance on basic physical fitness and special physical fitness training， advantageous events and temporarily backward events， etc.， which restrict the preparation work. It proposes to update the training concept to improve the artistic expression of young and middle-aged athletes; take scientific monitoring as the starting point to handle the relationship between weight control and physical fitness; take the integration of sports and education as the guide to strengthen the cultural learning and ideological construction of athletes; pay attention to basic physical fitness ， to form strategic choices such as a scientific training model that guarantees basic physical fitness and promotes special physical fitness improvement， and dialectically and coordinately handles the above contradictions， so as to improve the performance of figure skaters in the 2022 Winter Olympics and contribute to the "wonderful participation".

Key words： figure skating; pairs skating; 2022 Winter Olympics; main contradiction; strategy choice

1 引言

花样滑冰以难美的技术动作、自然别致的服装风格、和谐统一的音乐旋律被称为运动的诗、冰面上流动的艺术品，其具有技术技巧和艺术表演双重属性，竞技是其主线、技术表演是其核心，竞技与表演相互作用、不断交融。花样滑冰已有百年历史，经过近40年的不懈努力，我国花样滑冰金牌数从无到有，竞争力从弱到强[1]。截至目前，我国花样滑冰在历届冬奥会中共斩获1金、3银、4铜的优异成绩，成为我国冬季传统优势项目。近几年我国花样滑冰发展势头更为强劲，在国内外大赛中频获佳绩，中国花样滑冰集训队也被北京冬奥组委评为“冰上尖刀”。……