窦丹丹 巩泉泉 张兆波 张国英 崔福兴

摘  要：抽水蓄能电站负担电网调峰、填谷、调频、调相和事故备用等重要功能，发展迅速，但其运行时会产生噪声等职业病危害因素。通过对抽水蓄能电站噪声进行检测，主要是水轮机运行时噪声比较大，作业人员长期在这种高噪声作业场所下工作，会影响听力健康，严重的会造成噪声聋。水轮机产生噪声大一般主要有水力因素、电气因素和机械因素等原因。为此，该文提出了对水轮机改造、安装声闸和为作业人员配备护听器等相应的对策供抽水蓄能电站参考借鉴，以期达到降低噪声，减小对作业人员职业危害的目的。

关键词：抽水蓄能电站   水轮机   噪声   防治

中图分类号：R136.2                        文献标识码：A文章编号：1672-3791（2021）08（b）-0034-03

On the Detection and Control Measures of Noise Caused by Water Turbine in Pumped Storage Power Station

DOU Dandan1，2   GONG Quanquan1，2   ZHANG Zhaobo2   ZHANG Guoying2   CUI Fuxing1

（1.Shandong Electric Power Research Institute; 2.State Grid Shandong Electric Power Research Institute， Jinan， Shandong Province， 250003 China）

Abstract： Pumped storage power station undertakes the important functions of power grid peak shaving， valley filling， frequency modulation， phase modulation and accident standby， and develops rapidly， but its operation will produce occupational hazard factors such as noise. The authors found that the level of the noise produced by hydraulic turbine was high. When the operators work in those workplaces for a long time， their hearing will be hurt， even occupational noise-induced deafness will be caused. The noise produced by hydraulic turbine is mainly caused by hydraulic factors， electrical factors and mechanical factors. Therefore， in order to reduce occupational hazards to operators， this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures for pumped storage power station， such as the transformation of hydraulic turbine， the installation of sound gate and the provision of hearing protectors for operators.

Key Words： Pumped storage power station; Hydraulic turbine; Noise; Prevention and control

抽水蓄能电站在运行时具有机组水头高、容量大，转速快、工况转换频繁、运行区域跨度大、水力动态特性复杂等特点，致使抽水蓄能电站运行产生的噪声比较大，导致现场作业人员听力下降，甚至出现噪声聋。因此，该文重點对抽水蓄能电站水轮机产生的噪声进行检测，分析其产生噪声的原因，提出了相应对策建议，来保护作业人员职业健康。

1  抽水蓄能电站水轮机噪声检测

选用丹麦B&K公司2238型精密积分声级计，检测了6家抽水蓄能电站在不同工况下水轮机层的噪声，重点给出了水车室内的检测结果。

从检测数据看出，水轮机运行时噪声在91.3～102.1 dB（A）之间，整体偏高，主要原因是机组运行水轮机运转产生的振动和噪声。……