张传宇

摘要：由于近代日本侵华，荷属东印度华侨与祖国同胞及东南亚各属侨胞联动，多次发起“抵制日货运动”。随着有关运动的组织方式日趋成熟，当地华侨与日商之间的商业矛盾也逐步激化。这种对立在中国抗日战争全面爆发之初达到顶点。因受到复杂的国际因素和荷属东印度华侨自身商业特点的影响，虽然这场“抵制日货运动”与之前相比更具组织性，却未能持久。另一方面，日本虽欲积极反制，却无法撼动当地华侨的支配性商业地位，于是便将彻底瓦解当地华侨“抵制日货运动”的希望寄托于日军占领以广州为中心的华南地区。

关键词：荷属东印度;日本;华侨;“抵制日货运动”

[中图分类号]  F114.49           [文献标识码]  A                [文章编号] 1003-2479（2021）02-067-08

Modern Overseas Chinese in Dutch East Indies and Boycott of Japanese Goods

ZHANG Chuanyu

Abstract： Due to Japan's invasion of China in modern times，overseas Chinese from Dutch East Indies launched multiple movements of boycotting Japanese goods together with their compatriots of the motherland， as well as overseas Chinese all over Southeast Asia. As the boycott movements became more and more mature， conflicts between local Chinese merchants and Japanese businessmen were gradually intensified， which eventually came to culmination after the Anti-Japanese War broke out. Compared with the previous movements， the boycott movements after the war were limited by complicated international factors and commercial characteristics of overseas Chinese in Dutch East Indies. Although they were more organized， they lacked persistence. On the other hand， although Japan wanted to take active countermeasures， it could not shake the dominant commercial position of the local overseas Chinese， so Japan placed the hope of completely dismantling the local boycott movement against Japanese goods on the Japanese occupation of southern China centered in Guangzhou.

Key Words： Dutch East Indies; Anti-Japanese; Overseas Chinese; Boycott Movements

20世紀前半期，作为海外华侨的主要组成部分，东南亚华侨十分关注祖国局势，对中国国内革命运动给予无私援助。当时中国遭受列强侵略，正处于存亡关头，其中又以日本帝国主义对华欺凌为甚。每当日本发起新一轮侵华暴行时，东南亚华侨便与祖国民众联动，在侨居地展开声势浩大的“抵制日货运动”，至中国抗日战争全面爆发以前便已成为中国民族主义运动的重要组成部分，并因此受到日本的强烈关注①。在华侨发起的历次“抵制日货运动”中，东南亚各地的具体开展情况又有所不同。其中，领土面积最广的荷属东印度因拥有东南亚最大的消费市场，成为华侨对抗日本经济势力的重要舞台。在既有研究中，对荷属东印度华侨“抵制日货运动”问题却甚少涉及①。……