泰国:2020年回顾与2021年展望
2021-11-16唐卉
唐卉

摘要:“抗疫”与“抗议”成为泰国在2020年里最重要的两个关键词。受COVID-19疫情影响,泰国经济同比萎缩6.1%,旅游、航空及住宿餐饮等服务行业受损严重。同时,泰国掀起了抗议示威潮,导致政治陷入动荡。2021年,抗议示威运动仍然持续进行并影响泰国政治的发展。随着全球COVID-19疫情得到逐步控制,泰国经济有望缓慢复苏,但也面临诸多不确定因素。外交上将重视发展与中国、美国、日本和印度的关系,维持“大国平衡”战略,不断加强区域合作,开展全方位多边外交。
关键词:2020—2021年;泰国;政治;经济;外交
[中图分类号] D733.6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1003-2479(2021)02-037-10
Thailand: Review of 2020 and Prospect of 2021
TANG Hui
Abstract: For Thailand,"Anti-epidemic" and "Protest" are the two most important keywords in 2020. On account of the global COVID-19, Thailand's economy fell by 6.1% year-on -year with service sectors like tourism, aviation, accommodation and catering severely affected. Simultaneously, the protest demonstration occurred in Thailand, which led to political unrest.In 2021, the protest demonstration will continue to influence the politics of Thailand. As the global COVID-19 has been gradually controlled, Thailand's economy is expected to recover slowly. Nevertheless, there are also many uncertainties. Diplomatically, it will pay attention to developing relations with China, the United States, Japan and India, maintain the strategy of balance among major powers as well as constantly strengthen regional cooperation and carry out multi-faceted multilateral diplomacy.
Key Words: 2020-2021; Thailand; Politics; Economy; Foreign Affairs
一、政治:“抗疫”与“抗议”之下完成内阁改组和地方选举
(一)多措并举抗击COVID-19疫情
2020年,COVID-19疫情在全球蔓延。截至12月31日,泰国累计确诊COVID-19病例6884例,累计治愈4240例,累计死亡61例,在院治疗2583例①。泰国政府多措并举、携手抗疫。一是泰国政府决策有力,防疫不放松。泰国总理巴育于3月26日宣布实施《紧急状态法》后,国际航班入境被严格限制,4月初又实行全国宵禁和“封城”等措施。随着疫情形势趋于稳定,自5月初起,泰国分阶段逐步“解封”,但针对外国游客入境仍保持谨慎态度。二是泰国医疗水平较高,助力快速控制疫情。泰国拥有世界顶尖的医疗水平和较为完善的公共卫生医疗体系,政府部门的决策高度依赖医学界专业人士的意见,乡村医疗志愿者也在疾控工作中发挥了关键作用,泰国也从中国、日本和美国等国家进口相关药品和防疫物资。三是泰國民众积极配合,遵从政府及卫生部门的防疫指导。……
