混合现实技术在机械课程教学中的应用研究
2021-11-13杨晓龙凌莉
杨晓龙 凌莉

摘 要:混合现实技术(MR)突破空间、时间和现实约束,能够在现实世界中投射出全面、逼真、可编辑的机械结构和物理关系模型,因此能突破传统教学方式枯燥的刻板印象和信息传递的局限性,极有可能引领未来机械设计和制造类课程教育教学革命。虽然目前MR设备昂贵、技术尚不成熟,但根据历年微电子产品价格所建立的数学模型预测表明:10年后MR设备的价格和技术成熟度将等同于现阶段个人计算机。所以,价格和技术并不是制约未来MR技术课堂发展的关键,如何转变高校教师观念,使他们去积极探索和使用MR设备和技术才是重点。
关键词:混合现实;机械设计;机械制造;高等教育;微电子
中图分类号:G642 文献标志码:A 文章编号:2096-000X(2021)28-0090-04
Abstract: (MR) Mixed reality technology overcomes constraints of time, space and reality, is able to shoot comprehensive realistic editable mechanical structure and physical relationship model in the real world, thus can break through the traditional teaching mode of boring stereotypes and the limitations of information transmission, is likely to lead future mechanical design and manufacture of class education teaching revolution. Although MR equipment is expensive and the technology is not mature at present, the mathematical model prediction based on the price of microelectronics products over the years shows that after 10 years, the MR equipment price and technical maturity will be equivalent to the current PC. Therefore, price and technology are not the key to restrict the future development of MR technology classroom, but how to change the concept of university teachers is very important so that they can actively explore and use MR equipment and technology.
Keywords: mixed reality; mechanical design; mechanical manufacturing; higher education; microelectronics
随着信息、微电子技术的发展,出现了诸多新兴科技,例如5G通信、人工智能(AI)、虚拟现实(Virtual Reality, VR)、增强现实(Augmented Reality, AR)和混合现实(Mixed Reality, MR)等一些存在于科幻影片中的技术逐渐成为现实。VR/AR/MR技术作为沟通数字世界和现实世界的“桥梁”,可营造出超感官的現实体验,近些年引起了国内外学者广泛关注。VR/AR/MR技术概念既有区别又有相通之处,其关系可由Paul Milgram提出的“真实-虚拟连续体”概念来描述[1]。VR技术,即虚拟现实,又称“灵境技术”,是通过电脑等外部设备产生三维图像通过穿戴式显示器投射到眼睛,并通过陀螺仪使图像跟随头部运动而运动,从而营造出接近真实世界的视觉刺激,可见,VR技术创造的是完全虚拟的世界;AR技术,即增强现实,是在VR技术上发展而来的新兴技术,与VR的区别在于,AR可以将计算机产生的虚拟影像叠加到现实世界中,实现对现实的增强,所以其营造的世界更接近于真实世界[2]。……
