摘 要：比较个人信息、个人数据和个人资料这三个近义术语才能厘清《民法典》术语“个人信息”的名称与内涵。“个人信息”之“实”主要反映在立法文本中“个人信息”的定义之中，作者分析了个人信息的权利属性、定义方式、定义要素以及主体权利的内容，从词典、立法文本以及中文法学著作和论文三个层面考察“个人信息”之“名”，发现信息/数据/资料的名称在《民法典》中有着统一且有规律的表述，且在通用汉语词典释义中未造成混淆。个人信息、个人数据和个人资料在中国大陆立法文本中具有一定使用规律，但是在中文法学著作和论文中三个术语彼此干扰、互相混淆的情况较为明显。文章总结出干扰原因主要有三个，同时挖掘出这类术语在中文立法文本中的使用规律，为中国地方立法以及中国大陆学者在著作和论文中引用域外法规提供指引。

关键词：中文变体;个人数据;个人资料;权利属性;个人信息权益

中图分类号：H083; DF51; H315.9  文献标识码：A  DOI：10.12339/j.issn.1673-8578.2021.04.007

On Name and Nature of Personal Information as a Legal Term in The Civil Code：Discrimination of Chinese Synonyms Personal Xinxi/Shuju/Ziliao//YE Xiang

Abstract： The name and connotation of the legal term “personal information” in The Civil Code of PRC can be clarified only after a comparative study of the Chinese synonymous terms “personal xinxi”， “personal shuju” and “personal ziliao”， all meaning personal information or personal data. The connotation of “personal information” can be found in its various definitions in corresponding legislative texts， so it is necessary to analyze attributes of personal information right and interest， the structure and components of its definitions， and the content of subject rights of personal information. As for the interchangeable use of personal xinxi/shuju/ziliao in dictionaries， legislative texts as well as Chinese legal works and journal papers， it can be found that xinxi/shuju/ziliao are used according to certain rules in The Civil Code， and there is little confusion among definitions of xinxi/shuju/ziliao in popular Chinese dictionaries. Personal xinxi/shuju/ziliao are not often interchangeably used but applied according to some rules in legislative texts of the Chinese mainland. Much confusion， however， has resulted from the interchangeable use of personal xinxi/shuju/ziliao in Chinese legal works and journal papers. This paper puts forward that there are three major reasons leading to such confusion， and suggests rules guiding the use of personal xinxi/shuju/ziliao in Chinese legislative texts as guiding principles for selecting personal information related terms in local legislation in China and citation of overseas laws by scholars in the Chinese mainland.

Keywords： Chinese variations; personal shuju; personal ziliao; attributes of right; right and interest of personal xinxi

收稿日期：2021-05-05

基金項目：国家社会科学基金重大项目“一带一路沿线国家法律文本翻译、研究及数据库建设”（18ZDA157）;山东省社会科学规划研究项目“《毛泽东选集》平行语料库的中国政治制度特色话语英译研究”（19CWZJ36）;山东省高等学校人文社会科学研究项目“基于语料库的《毛泽东选集（1-5卷）》汉英翻译量化分析与对比研究”（J18RB202）

引言

习总书记在中共中央第十四个五年规划和二〇三五年远景目标的建议中提出“加快数字化发展”战略规划[1]。……