刘娜 侯洁诚 孙红梅 李妍

摘 要：文章首先简单梳理了涵义与指称理论的发展，重点论述了专名、通名和术语之间的关系，就中医术语而言，有少部分核心术语由通名转化而来，比如“气”，一词多义性突出，与其他词汇组成双字词或多字词术语，意义不固定，因此应将其置于具体的使用环境中，分析其组合方式对其进行范畴化。其次，以“气”为例，根据其与不同词的搭配及位置可以初步对由该词构成的术语进行范畴化。最后，指出对中医术语范畴化是中医英译的首要任务，有助于国内外中医学习者更輕松地理解中医概念。

关键词：涵义与指称理论;通名;专名;中医核心术语;英译

中图分类号：R2-5;H159  文献标识码：A  DOI：10.12339/j.issn.1673-8578.2021.04.009

Categorization of TCM Core Terms and Its Translation Based on Sense and Reference Theory//LIU Na，HOU Jiecheng，SUN Hongmei，LI Yan

Abstract： This paper reviews the development of sense and reference theory and highlights the correlation between common names，proper names and TCM terms. As far as the TCM terms are concerned， a few terms were derived from common names like qi， which is polysemous and unstable in meaning when combining with other words into double words or multiwords. Therefore， it is necessary to categorize these terms in a specific context and analyze their collocation with other words. Moreover， we make a case study of qi， trying to categorize the qi construction terms according to its location in the collocation. We propose that the English translation of TCM starts from the categorization of TCM terms，which can help the TCM learners both in China and abroad better comprehend TCM concepts.

Keywords： sense and reference theory;common names; proper names;TCM core terms;English translation

收稿日期：2021-03-16 修回日期：2021-04-19

基金项目：陕西省社会科学基金“中医汉英学习词典释义模式研究”（2019M036）阶段性成果;陕西省社会科学基金“文化自信视域下的中医药典籍外译研究”（2019M038）阶段性成果

中医文献中大量的文化负载词使译者在采取归化和异化的翻译方法时面临两难境地，西方或者华人译者倾向于采取异化的翻译方法，Veith将“气”译为“breath”，而李照国采取“译古如古，文不加饰”的原则，译为“Qi”，还有人译为“energy”，究其原因，是汉语一词多义现象比较普遍，据统计，“气”在《黄帝内经》中出现2997次[1]，指称和意义不可能完全相同。本文根据涵义与指称理论对中医术语和基本概念及其英译进行解读，力求为中医术语翻译提供更坚实的理论基础。

1 涵义与指称理论概述

英国哲学……