核桃粕多肽的制备及其抗氧化活性研究
2021-10-03弘子姗解静张宝娟代晶晶陶亮田洋
弘子姗 解静 张宝娟 代晶晶 陶亮 田洋



摘要以云南大理漾濞核桃粕為原料,提取核桃蛋白,采用7种蛋白酶对核桃蛋白进行单酶水解,以抗氧化能力为指标,对不同酶解产物的抗氧化活性进行酶的优选。在单因素试验的基础上,通过四因素三水平正交试验对酶解工艺进行优化,并验证其酶解产物抗氧化活性。碱性蛋白酶为酶解核桃蛋白的最优选择;核桃蛋白的最佳酶解工艺为加酶量300 U/mL、pH 10、酶解温度50℃、酶解时间3.5 h,在此条件下,多肽得率为80.34%,制备出的多肽具有较强的抗氧化活性。核桃多肽作为良好的天然抗氧化剂有进一步开发利用的潜力,本研究为提升核桃副产物的开发利用提供数据支撑和理论依据。
关键词核桃蛋白;多肽;碱性蛋白酶;工艺优化;抗氧化活性
中图分类号 S664.1 文献标识码 A DOI:10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2021.12.008
Preparation of Polypeptides from Walnut Dregs and Their Antioxidant Activity
HONG Zishan1 ,2) XIE Jing2 ,3 ,4) ZHANG Baojuan1) DAI Jingjing1 ,2)TAO Liang1 ,2 ,3 ,4) TIAN Yang1 ,2 ,3 ,4)
(1 College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China;
2 National Research Center for Moringa Processing Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China;
3 Engineering Center for Development and Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Education, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China;
4 Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Development of Functional Food from Edible and Medicinal Resources, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China)
Abstract Walnut proteins were extracted from walnut dregs, and hydrolyzed by 7 proteases to select an optimum protease based on the antioxidant activity of different enzymatic hydrolysates with the antioxidant capacity as an indicator. Single factor test was followed by four-factor three-level orthogonal test to optimize the enzymatic hydrolysis process, and the antioxidant activities of the enzymatic hydrolyzed products were then verified. The results showed that alcalase is the best protease for enzymatic hydrolysis of walnut protein. The optimal enzymatic hydrolysis conditions for walnut protein are 300 U·mL-1 , pH value 10, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature 50°C, and enzymatic hydrolysis time 3.5 h. Under these conditions the yield of the polypeptides is 80.34%, and the polypeptides shows strong antioxidant activity. As a natural antioxidant, walnut polypeptides have great potential for furtherdevelopment and utilization. This study provides data and theoretical support for improving the development and utilization of walnut by-products.
Keywords walnut protein ; peptide ; alcalase ; technology optimization ; antioxidant activity
核桃(Juglans regiaL.)又名胡桃、羌桃,為胡桃科胡桃属植物,与扁桃、开心果、榛子并列为世界著名四大干果[1-2],是世界上最古老的坚果,原产于东亚、东南欧和北美[3-4]。核桃有“长寿果”和“养生之宝”的美誉[5],被列入药食同源名单,含有丰富的蛋白质、脂肪、多种氨基酸、糖类物质和微量元素,以及对人体有效的活性物质[6-7],深受消费者青睐。核桃是一种优质的植物蛋白来源[8]。核桃蛋白肽含有较高的营养价值,而且核桃蛋白酶解物还呈现较高的活性,包括抗衰老、预防神经退变、强身补脑、增强记忆力[9]、抗氧化[10]、抗肿瘤[11]、抗炎[12]、降低胆固醇[13-14]、降血压和降低心血管疾病风险[15]等。因此,核桃作为食源性原料具有较高的药用价值和开发前景。……
