短时高温胁迫对新菠萝灰粉蚧的耐热性及存活影响
2021-10-03李德伟吴建辉覃振强
李德伟 吴建辉 覃振强



摘要通過观察短时高温胁迫后新菠萝灰粉蚧Dysmicoccusneobrevipes Beardsley各虫态的死亡率,研究高温胁迫对该虫耐热性及存活的影响。结果表明,在高温胁迫下,新菠萝灰粉蚧虫态、温度、时间对其死亡率均有显著影响,高温胁迫对该粉蚧低龄若虫死亡率的影响大于高龄若虫及雌成虫的影响。35和38℃高温胁迫下3龄若虫及雌成虫短时胁迫死亡率为0,但1龄和2龄若虫出现了1.67%~68.33%的死亡率;当温度为47℃超高温时,胁迫2 h后新菠萝灰粉蚧所有虫态死亡率均达100%。研究发现,通过短时的高温锻炼并不能增强新菠萝灰粉蚧的高温胁迫耐受性,该粉蚧随着锻炼温度的升高其高温胁迫的死亡率也会上升。研究结果为研究新菠萝灰粉蚧的生物学、生理学、防控、检疫处理等提供参考。
关键词新菠萝灰粉蚧;高温胁迫;耐热性;存活率
中图分类号 S435.63 文献标识码 A DOI:10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2021.12.012
Study on the Heat Resistance and Survival Effect of DysmicoccusneobrevipesBeard?sley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) to Short-time High Temperature Stress
LI Dewei1) WU Jianhui2) QIN Zhenqiang1)
(1 Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ Key Laboratory of SugarcaneBiotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi)/ Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China;
2 Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Guangdong Province / Engineering Technology Research Center of Pest Biocontrol, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China)
Abstract To study the effects of high temperature stress on the heat resistance and survival effect of Dysmicoccusneobrevipes Beardsley, the mortality of all stages of D. neobrevipes under short-time high temperature stress was observed. The results showed that the insect stage, temperature and time duration had significant effects on the mortality of D. neobrevipes under the high temperature stress. The effect of high temperature stress on the mortality of the young instar nymphs was greater than that of the old instar nymphs and the female adults. The mortality rate of the 3rd instar nymphs and female adults under 35 and 38℃ was 0, but the mortality rate of the 1st instar nymphs and the 2nd instar nymphs was 1.67%-68.33%. When the temperature was as high as 47℃ , the mortality rate of all stages of D. neobrevipes was 100% under 2 h heat stress. Short-time high temperature exposure could not enhance the tolerance of D. neobrevipes to the high temperature stress, and the mortality rate of D. neobrevipes under the high temperature stress would also increase with the increase of the exposuretemperature. These results could provide reference for the study of the biology, physiology, control and prevention, quarantine and treatment of D. neobrevipes.
Keywords Dysmicoccusneobrevipes Beardsley ; high temperature stress ; heat resistance ; survival rate
新菠萝灰粉蚧Dysmicoccusneobrevipes Beardsley 属半翅目 Hemiptera 粉蚧科 Pseudo ‐coccidae灰粉蚧属Dysmicoccus,其寄主广泛,主要为害剑麻Agavesisalana、菠萝Ananascomo‐ sus、柑橘Citrusreticulata、南瓜 Cucurbita moschata、番茄 Lycopersicon esculentum、可可 Theobroma cacao和香蕉 Musa nana等农林经济作物,是热带和亚热带农林经济作物的重要害虫[1-2]。我国最早于1998年在海南省昌江县青坎农场的剑麻上发现该虫暴发为害,2006年该虫在广东省湛江市剑麻种植区发生蔓延。该虫在剑麻上直接危害严重,还会引起剑麻紫色卷叶病大暴发,造成年减产30%以上,甚至失收[3]。目前,该虫害主要分布于我国海南、广东、广西和云南等地[1-5],是我国进境植物检疫性有害生物[6]。
新菠萝灰粉蚧作为一种高度危险性入侵害虫受到我国植保工作者的高度重视,在危险性分析[7]、分布范围[8]、生物学研究[1,9-10]、鉴定技术[11-14]、防治技术[4, 15-17]等方面开展了大量的研究。……
