不同贮藏温度对灰平菇品质影响及货架期预测模型的建立
2021-10-03张鹏
张鹏



摘要以灰平菇子實体为研究对象,研究不同贮藏温度(4、10、20℃)对平菇品质的影响,从食品品质损失的基本反应动力学出发,结合 Arrhenius理论,建立平菇货架期预测模型。结果表明,低温能够有效降低平菇子实体感官品质及子实体含水率下降速率,减缓子实体菌落总数、丙二醛含量、褐变度上升速率,延长货架期。本研究建立了分别以含水量、菌落总数 TVC、丙二醛 MDA、褐变度 BD为变量的平菇货架期预测模型,在低温条件下预测值与实测值相对误差小于25%,拟合方程 R2平均值为0.9247。表明模型能够较为准确地预测平菇在特定货架温度下的货架期,进而为平菇货架期监测提供理论依据。
关键词灰平菇;货架期;Arrhenius理论;预测模型
中图分类号 TS219 文献标识码 A DOI:10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2021.12.009
Influence of Different Storage Temperatures Conditions on Oyster Mushroom and Its Prediction Model Construction of Shelf-life
ZHANG Peng
(Quanzhou Insititute of Agricultural and Sciences, Quanzhou, Fujian 362212, China)
Abstract The effect of different storage temperature(4, 10, 20℃) on the quality of Pleurotusostreatus wasstudied, the prediction model of shelf life of P. ostreatus was established combining with the basic reactionkinetics of food quality loss and Arrhenius theory. The result showed that the low temperature couldinhibited the decrease rate of sensory index changes and water content, slow down the ascendant rate oftotal number of colonies content, malondialdehyde content and browning degree in fruiting body, whichextended shelf life of P. ostreatus . This study established shelf life prediction model of P. ostreatus withwater content 、TVC content、 MDA content and BD as variables, the relative error between predictedvalue and measured value is less than 25% at relatively low temperature, the mean value of fitted equationR2 is 0.9247, showing the model could accurately predict the shelf life of P. ostreatus at a specifiedtemperature, and provides a theory basic for shelf life of P. ostreatus monitoring.
Keywords Pleurotusostreatus ; shelf life ; Arrhenius theory ; prediction model
平菇Pleurotusostreatus,侧耳属真菌,是我国大面积栽培的食用菌之一。平菇味道鲜美,营养丰富,富含蛋白质、氨基酸、维生素、矿物质及多糖等[1]。新鲜平菇水分含量达90%以上,常温条件下采摘后2~3 d 内即表现出萎蔫、褐变、腐烂变质等症状,货架期非常短[2-4]。平菇品质在贮藏过程中会逐渐衰减,如何通过一种快速有效的方法来预测其货架期尤为重要。大量研究证明,食品的品质变化可通过化学反应动力学模型反映。国内外已有研究人员采用 Arrhenius 理论、Z模型等等构建货架期预测模型,并应用于水产、果蔬等领域。研究货架期平菇品质变化动力学特性且运用特征指标拟合平菇货架期预测模型的相对较少。本研究通过感官评价、含水量、TVC、MDA、 BD 等指标来研究不同货架温度下平菇品质变化情况,同时将 Arrhenius方程与反应动力学模型相结合,构建适合的货架期预测模型并进行应用验证,为市场销售提供理论和技术依据。……
