基质和生根剂对中华金叶榆扦插生根的影响
2021-10-03袭晓梅
袭晓梅



摘要为研究不同类型基质和不同浓度的生根剂对中华金叶榆生根特性的影响,以半木质化中华金叶榆枝条为试验材料,设置3种基质和4个 ABT1生根剂浓度处理,研究生根特性、贮藏物质含量和内源激素含量的变化。结果表明不同类型基质和生根剂处理的根系生长存在差异,以 50%泥炭土+50%木糠、生根剂浓度1000 mg/g 时,生根率最高(87.74%),可溶性糖含量最高,淀粉含量最低, IAA含量、GA含量和 IAA/ABA较高,是较好的扦插配套措施。
关键词中华金叶榆;扦插;基质;生根剂
中图分类号 S687 文献标识码 A DOI:10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2021.12.001
Effects of Substrate and Rooting Agent on Rooting of Cuttings of Ulmus sinensis
QIU Xiaomei
(Sangganhe Test Bureau of Poplar High-yield Forest of Shanxi, Datong, Shanxi 037006, China)
Abstract In order to study the effects of different types of substrates and different concentrations of rooting agents on the rooting characteristics of Ulmus sinensis, the semi-lignified branches of Ulmus sinensis were used as cutting materials, and reated with three substrates and four concentrations of rooting agent ABT1 to observe the rooting characteristics, and the change of storage material content and endogenous hormone content. The results showed that there is difference in the root growth of the cuttings treated with different types of substrates and rooting agent. The cuttings had the highest rooting rate (87.74%) when cultured on the substrate 50% peat soil +50% wood bran at the presence of the rooting agent 1000 mg·g-1 , and they have the highest soluble sugar content and the lowest starch content as well as higher IAA content, GA content and IAA/ABA content. This treatment is a better measure for culture of cuttings.
Keywords Ulmus sinensis ; cutting ; substrate ; rooting agent
中華金叶榆 ( Ulmus pumila cv.jinye.)生长速度较快,根系发达,耐贫瘠,树冠丰满、枝条细密,易于修剪造型,叶卵圆形,生长季节叶片金黄色,色泽艳丽,是城市风景园林设计中常用的彩叶树种之一,具有很高的观赏价值和经济价值[1]。
目前市面上大多数中华金叶榆都是采用嫁接的繁殖方式,但是由于嫁接数量低,且因嫁接口不顺畅而导致树干完整性不好,影响观赏效果[2]。因此,要开发中华金叶榆的观赏资源,需要找到一种高效优质的繁殖方法。扦插是许多树种的繁殖方式,研究表明,基质类型和质量直接影响插条生根和生长[3]。保肥水能力强、疏松透气、无病菌感染的基质能够有效保证插穗正常的生长发育,不同的基质对不同树种插条生长的影响不同[4]。张玲玲等[5]研究表明,杭白菊和金丝皇菊在珍珠岩+园土(1∶1)中生根效果好,适合扦插繁殖。罗素梅等[6]研究表明,扦插在细蛭石和泥炭上的金边瑞香穗条生根速度最快,侧根数量最多,且基质容重与7 d 出愈率和总孔隙度、持水孔隙度呈极显著相关。……
