殷新锋 晏万里 任厚乾 刘扬

摘   要：现有车-桥耦合振动分析中车辆模型不能精确考虑车辆动力特性和柔性轮胎对车桥耦合振动响应的影响.为了进一步研究充气轮胎胎压对车-桥耦合振动的影响，基于LS-DYNA程序，采用线弹性橡胶材料模拟轮胎并定义轮胎内气压，结合常用重载三軸汽车的结构参数，运用弹簧阻尼单元及梁、壳单元模拟车辆悬架系统的动力特性，建立可分析车轮气压的三维车辆模型;并基于实桥试验结果及响应面法得到高精度有限元桥梁模型;通过显式求解程序LS-DYNA内置的接触算法，将车辆子系统和桥梁子系统联立耦合起来，形成显式的车-桥耦合振动分析模型.计算结果与实测结果对比分析验证了该方法的正确性，并分析了轮胎胎压对桥梁振动的影响.

关键词：响应面法;有限元模型修正;连续刚构桥;LS-DYNA;动力响应

中图分类号：U441.2                                        文献标志码：A

Fine Modeling of Coupled Vibration of Highway Bridge under

Vehicle Loading and Verification Analysis

YIN Xinfeng1，YAN Wanli1，REN Houqian1，LIU Yang1，2

（1. College of Civil Engineering，Changsha University of Science & Technology，Changsha 410114，China;

2. College of Civil Engineering，Hunan University of Technology，Zhuzhou 412007，China）

Abstract：In the existing coupling vibration analysis of vehicle bridge，the influence of vehicle dynamic characteristics and flexible tire on the vehicle bridge coupling vibration response can not be accurately considered. In order to further study the influence of pneumatic tire pressure on vehicle bridge coupling vibration，the linear elastic rubber material is used to simulate the tire and define the air pressure in the tire based on LS-DYNA program. Combined with the structural parameters of the commonly used heavy-duty three-axle vehicle，the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle suspension system are simulated by using the spring damping element，beam and shell element，and a three-dimensional vehicle model is established. Based on the test results of the real bridge and the response surface method，a high-precision finite element bridge model is obtained. The vehicle subsystem and the bridge subsystem are coupled together to form the explicit vehicle bridge coupling vibration analysis model through the contact algorithm built in the explicit solution program LS-DYNA. The correctness of the method is verified by comparing the calculation results with the measured results，and the influence of tire pressure on bridge vibration is analyzed.

Key words：response surface method;finite element model updating;continuous rigid-frame bridge;LS-DYNA;dynamic response

车辆在桥梁上行驶时产生的激励导致车辆和桥梁产生相互振动，该振动称为车桥耦合振动[1]. 国内外学者对车桥耦合振动问题进行了大量研究，并取得非凡成果.夏禾[2]将车辆简化为悬挂振动模型，研究了车-桥-墩相互作用的动力响应. Cai等[3-4]采用两轴车辆模型，基于功率谱密度函数生成随机桥面不平整度，分析了车辆荷载作用下桥梁振动响应. Huang等[5]采用三轴车辆有限元模型研究了简支梁的车桥随机振动. 韩万水等[6]结合实测数据对桥梁模型进行修正以得到桥梁基准模型……