董凤华

摘要：新生仔猪溶血病又被称为新生仔猪溶血性黄疸病、新生仔猪同种免疫溶血贫血症，或者新生仔猪同种红细胞溶解病，主要是因为母猪在繁殖阶段血清和初乳中存在抗仔猪红细胞抗原的特异性血清抗体所致。当乳汁进入新生仔猪机体中，由于存在一系列的抗体反应，造成血管内急性溶血，具有发病急、发病速度快、死亡率高的特点。新生仔猪溶血病在很多中小规模养殖场中广泛发生流行，给生猪养殖业构成严重的威胁。本文结合一例实际发病病例，探讨了新生仔猪溶血病的诊断与防治过程，希望研究成果对广大同行有所帮助。

关键词：新生仔猪溶血病;诊断;防治措施

中图分类号：S858.28文献标识码：Bdoi：10.3969/j.issn.2096-3637.2021.24.027

Diagnosis and Prevention of Hemolytic Disease in Newborn Piglets

DONG Fenghua

（Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Xiangcheng，Zhoukou Henan 466200，China）

Abstract：Neonatal piglet hemolytic disease is also known as neonatal piglet hemolytic jaundice，neonatal piglet alloimmune hemolytic anemia，or neonatal piglet hemolytic disease，mainly due to the presence of specific serum antibodies against piglet erythrocyte antigens in the serum and colostrum of the sows during the reproductive stage. When milk enters the body of newborn piglets，due to a series of antibody reactions，acute intravascular hemolysis is caused，which has the characteristics of acute onset，rapid onset and high mortality. Hemolytic disease of newborn piglets is widespread in many small and medium-sized farms，posing a serious threat to the pig breeding industry. This art icle discusses the diagnosis and prevention process of hemolytic disease in newborn piglets based on an actual case，hoping that the research results will be helpful to the majority of colleagues.

Keywords：hemolytic disease of newborn piglets，diagnosis，control measures

0引言

新生仔猪溶血病是新生仔猪和母猪的血型不吻合，引发血型之间抗原免疫所造成的一种溶血性的贫血症。典型的临床特征是新生仔猪在吃乳后，由于红细胞崩解，出现了黄疸、贫血症状，往往会造成100%的死亡。该种疾病呈现自然发生经过，也可以通过不相容的输血行为，或者使用含有血液的疫苗而发生。当前随着生猪养殖产业不断向前发展，生猪养殖业逐渐进入到杂种经济利用时代。为了更好地提高本地生猪的生产性能，很多地区通过引进国外的优质品种，对本地区繁殖母猪进行杂交改良，从生产后代中选择优质的母猪进行养殖，以此来提高生产质量。但在这种杂交处理过程中经常会出现特殊罕见的仔猪疾病，并且在不少养殖场均有发生。……