床边超声引导下胸腔穿刺术在心脏外科临床教学中的应用
2021-09-19刘鸿马路遥
刘鸿 马路遥

【摘要】目的:本文主要目的在于评价床边超声引导在心脏大血管外科轮转规培医生以及医学院实习医生胸腔穿刺术临床教学中的应用成效。方法:选取心脏大血管外科轮转规培住院医生以及南京医科大学第一临床医学院实习医生共60名, 将所有医生随机分2组,即实验组和对照组。实验组30人采用床边超声引导下行胸腔穿刺置管、对照组30人采用解剖半盲穿法进行胸腔穿刺置管, 最后对两组医生进行考核比较结果。
结果:实验组与对照组相比较表明, 实验组胸腔穿刺平均置管时间明显缩短( 13 .4 ± 2 . 6min vs 25 . 3± 3 . 7 min ) , 实验组胸腔穿刺首次成功率明显提高( 96 . 3 % vs 83 . 5 % ) , 实验组胸腔穿刺并发症明显减少( 3.3% vs 10 % ), 所有结果均有明显统计学差异( P < 0 . 05 ) 。结论:床边超声引导在心脏大血管外科胸腔穿刺临床教学中效果显著,具有十分重要的临床教学价值。
【关键词】超声引导;胸腔穿刺术;临床教学
[Abstract] Objective: This paper aims to evaluate the effect of ultrasound-guided thoracic puncture clinical teaching for rotating cardiac surgeons and medical school interns. Method: choose heart surgery rotation internship, a total of 60 doctor and medical school, by using random Numbers are divided into experimental group and control group, each group of 30 people, the experimental group adopted throacocentesis guided by ultrasound, the control group with anatomical half-blinded throacocentesis, then using the above two methods respectively on two groups. Results: Compared with the control group, the average puncture and catheterization time of the experimental group was significantly shortened (13.4 ± 2.6 min vs 25.3 ± 3.7 min), and the success rate of the first puncture was significantly increased ( 96 . 3 % vs 83 . 5 % ). Puncture complications were significantly reduced ( 3.3% vs 10 % ), with statistically significant differences (P < 0. 05). Conclusion: Ultrasonographic guidance is effective in clinical teaching of throacocentesis in cardiac surgery.
【 Key words 】 Ultrasonic guidance; Thoracocentesis; Clinical teaching
胸腔穿刺术在心脏外科病房中使用普遍,是三大常規穿刺操作之一。在胸腔积液诊断及治疗中起着至关重要的作用。在超声广泛普及之前,大多数医院的心脏大血管外科更多的是使用胸片结合体表解剖结构定位的半盲穿法, 但是由于胸穿穿刺术本身风险较高,对初学者来说操作较为困难, 临床年轻医生难以掌握,因此导致穿刺成功率相对较低, 操作并发症较多。近年来,随着全国各大医院的不断发展,硬件设备较前明显升级,技术较成熟的医院都常规开展了床边超声引导下胸腔穿刺术。……
