供应链协调背景下的库存共享策略研究
2021-09-18宋志兰文评格茸卓玛
宋志兰 文评 格茸卓玛



摘 要:文章考虑了供应链协调及零售商间库存转运共享,构建了一类由供应商及其控制的库存中心和两零售商组成的供应链库存共享系统,分析了供应链系统的协调策略。采用均衡博弈策略构建了两阶段销售期的库存共享优化模型,设计了一类价格协调机制,以实现供应链系统的协调及提高供应链成员的绩效,并分析了实施共享库存管理模式后供应链成员的收益;最后分析并应用数值验证该模型。结果表明:供应链整体的收益通过供应链协调下的库存共享策略得以提升。
关键词:库存共享;供应链协调;集中库存;横向转运;信息共享
中图分类号:F253 文献标识码:A
Abstract: This paper considers supply chain coordination and stock transfer sharing between retailers, constructs a supply chain stock sharing system consisting of suppliers and their controlled inventory center and two retailers, and analyzes the coordination strategy of supply chain system. A two-stage inventory sharing optimization model is constructed by using the equilibrium game strategy, and a price coordination mechanism is designed to realize the coordination of supply chain system and improve the performance of supply chain members. The benefits of supply chain members after the implementation of the shared inventory management model are analyzed. Finally, the model is analyzed and validated numerically. The results show that the overall benefits of the supply chain can be improved through the inventory sharing strategy under the coordination of the supply chain.
Key words: inventory sharing; supply chain coordination; concentrated inventory; lateral transshipment; information sharing
0 引 言
共享库存随着共享经济的发展开始兴起。当前的共享库存模式大致可分为两种:(1)合作方间的共享库存,即是合作方在销售季前约定在一方缺货时,其他方分享多余库存;(2)利用共享平台,指供应链各方的库存由一个共享平台进行统一管理,对各方的库存资源进行合理的再分配。两种模式之间对比,前者合作方之间缺乏信息之间的沟通,容易引起缺货或库存积压情形,一定程度上通过共享库存可降低库存风险,但这属于被动的庫存共享模式;第二种通过平台控制消除了这样的弊端,在一定程度上实现了需求信息的共享,但是共享平台属于第三方来协调库存,共享平台和企业之间可能会存在“信息虚假”等问题,这会导致资源的浪费以及服务质量的降低。……
