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肉制品中狗、狐、貂源性成分DNA检测试剂盒的制备

2021-09-17贾慧建王天添赵远宋顺佳邵学超艾金霞孙丽媛

肉类研究 2021年8期

贾慧建 王天添 赵远 宋顺佳 邵学超 艾金霞 孙丽媛

摘 要:为快速检测肉制品中狗、狐、貂3 种常见犬型总科动物源性DNA成分,应用分子生物学技术分析种属基因组序列差异,建立并优化多重聚合酶链式反应检测体系,开发快速检测试剂盒。结果表明:快速检测试剂盒特异性良好,与常见肉类动物(猪、牛、羊、马、驴、鸡、鸭)源性DNA成分皆无交叉反应;灵敏度高,3 种靶标样品DNA质量浓度同时降至10-4 ng/?L,仍可准确检测;阳性条带经切胶回收、克隆转化、测序比对,与GenBank已登记的狗(MH105046.1)、狐(LT560065.1)、貂物种(KU145464.1)相似性为100%;对30 份模拟混合肉样进行鉴别检测,检测结果与预设混合情况完全相符;50 份市售样品中,狗肉样品中3 份出现掺假现象。

关键词:狗肉;狐肉;貂肉;DNA;试剂盒

Development of DNA Detection Kit for Dog, Fox and Mink-Derived Components in Adulterated Meat Products

JIA Huijian, WANG Tiantian, ZHAO Yuan, SONG Shunjia, SHAO Xuechao, AI Jinxia, SUN Liyuan*

(School of Medical Technology, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China)

Abstract: In order to rapidly detect DNA derived from the common Canidae animals dog, fox and mink in adulterated meat products, molecular biology technology was applied to analyze the differences in the genomic sequence of various species, and a multiplex polymerase chain reaction system was establish and optimized to develop rapid detection kits. The results showed that the developed kit had good specificity without cross-reaction with common food-producing animal-derived DNA components (pigs, cattle, sheep, horses, donkeys, chickens and ducks), as well as high sensitivity. When the DNA concentration of the three target samples decreased to 10-4 ng/?L at the same time, they still could be accurately detected using the kit. The positive bands were excised, cloned and sequenced, showing 100% similarity to the dog (MH105046.1), fox (LT560065.1) and mink (KU145464.1) sequences deposited in the GenBank database. This kit correctly identified 30 simulated mixed meat samples with 100% accuracy. Of 50 commercially available samples, three dog meat samples were found to be adulterated.

Keywords: dog meat; fox meat; mink meat; DNA; kit

DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20210311-064

中图分类号:TS251.7                                        文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-8123(2021)08-0048-06

引文格式:

贾慧建, 王天添, 赵远, 等. 肉制品中狗、狐、貂源性成分DNA检测试剂盒的制备[J]. 肉类研究, 2021, 35(8): 48-53. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20210311-064.    http://www.rlyj.net.cn

JIA Huijian, WANG Tiantian, ZHAO Yuan, et al. Development of DNA detection kit for dog, fox and mink-derived components in adulterated meat products[J]. Meat Research, 2021, 35(8): 48-53. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20210311-064.

http://www.rlyj.net.cn

狐、貂与狗同属犬型总科动物,携带多种病毒,贸然食用易对食用者身体健康造成潜在威胁[1-2]。新型冠状病毒肺炎的全球性肆虐,也在警醒食用野生動物的危险性[3-5]。为更好避免潜在的病毒威胁,我国对此作出了一系列举措。2020年2月24日,全国人大委员会通过了关于革除滥食野生动物陋习的相关决定。同年3月31日,深圳市正式立法,狗肉缺席“白名单”[6],狐、貂仅作为药用。因此,亟需建立一种快速准确检测狗、狐、貂源性成分的方法,为立法后的监管提供便利。

肉质成分检测多以形态学[7]、代谢学[8-9]、蛋白质学[10-11]和基因学差异[12-14]作为切入点。……

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