崔陇鹏 李硕

收稿日期：2020-03-09

*基金项目： 国家社会科学基金重点项目“中国古代建筑思想通史的编史学与史料学研究”（19AZD030）

第一作者：崔陇鹏（1982- ），男，博士后，副教授，研究方向为传统建筑与园林设计。E-mail：403804995@qq.com

摘要：龙门是黄河沿线上的重要地理坐标，经过上千年的发展演化形成了一种固定的风景范式和文化审美。文章以文化地理学为视角，从文化生态学、文化源地、文化扩散、文化区、文化景观等方面梳理黄河龙门文化景观的产生、形成演化以及扩散传播，分析龙门文化景观形成的文化现象与自然环境相互作用影响的关系，探讨不同区域的龙门文化景观差异以及它们之间的传播交流等，提出龙门文化景观是地理环境与文化内涵长期空间耦合生长的产物，其中包含一定社会群体的集体记忆、民俗地理、信仰理念，是一种全民族的风景文化意识。该研究不仅有助于探索龙门文化景观的整体性保护与文化传承策略，还能对传统地方风景的研究提供新的视角、方法与研究思路。

关键词：文化景观，景观溯源，文化地理学，黄河龙门

DOI： 10.12169/zgcsly.2020.03.09.0002

Culture Landscape Origin in Longmen Region of the Yellow River

Cui Longpeng Li Shuo

（School of Architecture， Xian University of Architecture and Technology， Xian， 710055）

Abstract：Longmen is an important geographical coordinate in the Yellow River. With the development for thousands of years， Longmen has formed a settled landscape paradigm and cultural aesthetics. This paper analyzes from the culture geography perspective the origin， the formation and evolution of Longmen culture landscape in terms of cultural ecology， cultural resources， cultural diffusion， cultural areas and cultural landscape. The difference in and the communication of Longmen cultural landscapes in different areas are studied through the analysis of the relationship between the cultural phenomena formed along with the landscape of Longmen and its interaction with the natural environment. The paper proposes that the Longmen culture landscape is the product of the long-term spatial coupling growth of geographical environment and cultural connotation， which is full of the collective memory of certain social groups， folk geography and belief， and it is a cultural landscape with national consciousness. This study not only helps to explore the overall protection and cultural inheritance strategy of Longmen culture landscape， but also provides a new angle of view and method to research the traditional local landscape.

Keywords： culturelandscape， The origin and development of landscape， cultural geography， Longmen of the Yellow River

黃河晋陕交界处的龙门山，是黄河连接山、陕两地的重要“咽喉要塞”。黄河龙门在中国传统文化体系中具有重要意义。溯其源，可从大禹凿开龙门山——“禹赐名龙门”开始，又据《三秦记》记载：“河津一名龙门，悬泉而行，两傍有山，水陆不通，龟鱼集龙门下数千，不得上，上则为龙”[1]。后来逐渐形成了“鲤鱼跃龙门”和“幻化成龙”的神话传说，使龙门之名得以流传甚广。……