基于CA-Markov与MSPA模型的城市绿色空间格局时空预测
2021-09-15肖睿珂刘恋张云路李雄
肖睿珂 刘恋 张云路 李雄



收稿日期:2021-03-09
*基金项目:中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2021ZY33);国家林草局重点项目“京津冀区域城乡人居生态环境绿色智
库建设”(2020132109);住房和城乡建设部研究开发项目“基于公园城市构建的城市公园绿地生态服务功能评
估技术研究”(2020-K-057)
第一作者:肖睿珂(1997- ),女,硕士生,研究方向为风景园林规划设计与理论。E-mail:995237706@qq.com
通信作者:张云路(1986- ),男,博士,副教授,研究方向为风景园林规划设计理论与实践、城乡绿地系统规划。E-
mail:zhangyunlu1986829@163.com
摘要:合理的城市绿色空间格局对优化城市生态功能和提高城市生物多样性具有关键作用,而城市发展规划方向直接影响城市绿色空间格局。研究以北京市海淀区北部为例,设置自然发展与城市规划控制2种情景,运用CA-Markov模型预测2种情景下2030年土地覆被类型情况,并利用MSPA模型定量分析2种预测情景下城市绿色空间结构发展的异同。研究结果表明,合理的城市规划对各类绿色空间形态具有明显提升作用,尤其在保持面积大于20hm2的核心區方面效果显著。在新时代生态文明建设背景下,研究可为城市规划者的决策提供辅助参考,进而促进城市的高效可持续发展。
关键词:绿色空间格局,CA-Markov模型,MSPA模型,北京海淀区
DOI: 10.12169/zgcsly.2021.03.09.0005
Spatio-temporal Prediction of Urban Green Spatial Pattern Based on CA-Markov
and MSPA Model: A Case Study of Haidian District in Beijing
Xiao Ruike Liu Lian Zhang Yunlu Li Xiong
(School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China)
Abstract:A reasonable urban green spatial pattern plays a key role in optimizing urban ecological functions and improving urban biodiversity, and the direction of urban development plan directly influences the urban green spatial pattern. Taking the northern part of Haidian District in Beijing as an example, this study sets up two scenarios of natural development and urban planning control, while using the CA-Markov model to predict the land cover types in 2030 under the two scenarios, and using the MSPA model to quantitatively analyze the similarities and differences of the development of urban green spatial structure under the two scenarios. The results show that reasonable urban planning can significantly improve various green spatial forms, especially in maintaining core areas more than 20 hm2. In the background of ecological civilization development in the new era, this research is aimed to provide urban planners with a reference for decision-making so as to realize the efficient and sustainable development of the city.
Keywords: green spatial pattern, CA-Markov model, MSPA model, Haidian district in Beijing
2020年9月30日,国家主席习近平在联合国生物多样性峰会上指出,各方亟待统筹城市发展与保护的关系以应对持续严峻的生物多样性形势[1]。城市绿色空间是城市生物多样性的核心载体[2],但快速的城镇化造成了城市生境破碎化[3],不合理的城市规划容易割裂并吞噬良好的城市生境,导致城市生物多样性降低与物种灭绝。……
