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山豆根正丁醇部位化学成分及其抗菌活性研究

2021-09-12魏鑫张卫丁彩凤于浩飞张丽艳周英

广西植物 2021年7期
关键词:化学成分

魏鑫 张卫 丁彩凤 于浩飞 张丽艳 周英

摘 要: 山豆根为豆科植物越南槐(Sophora tonkinensis)的干燥根和根茎,常用于治疗咽喉部感染性疾病,其大极性提取物已经报道了具有较好的抑菌活性潜力。为了深入探究山豆根大极性抗菌活性成分,该文综合运用硅胶柱色谱、ODS柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、半制备HPLC等分离纯化方法对山豆根正丁醇部位化学成分进行分离鉴定,并开展了单体成分抗细菌(粪肠球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌、大肠杆菌)和真菌(白色念珠菌)的活性评价。结果表明:从山豆根正丁醇部位中共分离鉴定得到10 个化合物,分别为2′,4′,7-trihydroxy-6,8-bis(3-methyl-2-butenyl)flavanone (1)、染料木苷(2)、2-(2′,4′-二羟基苯基)-5,6-二氧亚甲基苯并呋喃 (3)、maltol-β-D-glucopyranoside (4)、leonuriside A (5)、松柏醇-9-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6)、光甘草酚(7)、2-(2′,4′-dihydroxy-phenyl)-8,8-dimethyl-10-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-8H-pyrano [2,3-d]chroman-4-one (8)、氧化苦参碱(9)、番石榴酸(10),其中化合物4-6首次从该植物中分离得到。生物活性测试结果表明化合物1-3具有一定的抑菌作用,化合物2对绿脓杆菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)值为15.6 μg·mL-1,化合物3对白色念珠菌和大肠杆菌的MIC值均为31.3 μg·mL-1。

关键词: 山豆根, 化学成分, 提取分离, 抑菌活性

中图分类号: Q946  文献标识码: A  文章编号: 1000-3142(2021)07-1054-07

Abstract: The dried roots of Sophora tonkinensis were commonly used as the treatment of the throat and other infectious diseases. In order to identify its large polar antibacterial active components, silica gel column chromatography (CC), ODS CC and Sephadex LH-20 CC and semi preparative HPLC were used to isolate the chemical constituents from n-butanol fraction of S. tonkinensis. The antibacterial activities of the monomers against bacteria (Enterobacter faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli) and fungi (Candida albicans) were evaluated. The results showed ten compounds were isolated and identified as 2′,4′,7-trihydroxy-6,8-bis(3-methyl-2-butenyl)flavanone(1),genistin(2), 2-(2′,4′-dihydroxy)-5,6-dioxomethylbenzofuran(3), maltol-β-D-glucopyranoside(4), leonuriside A(5),coniferylalcohol-9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(6),glabrol(7),2-(2′,4′-dihydroxy-phenyl)-8,8-dimethyl-10-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-8H-pyrano [2,3-d]chroman-4-one (8), oxymatrine (9), piscidic acid (10). Among of them, compounds 4-6 were isolated from the title plant for the first time, for our knowledge. Besides, biological activity test showed the potential antibacterial activities of compounds 1-3. It is worth mentioning that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of compound 2 against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 15.6 μg·mL-1, while the MIC of compound 3 against Candida albicans and Escherichia coli were 31.3 μg·mL-1.

Key words: Sophora tonkinensis, chemical constituents, extraction and isolation, antibacterial activities

山豆根為豆科植物越南槐(Sophora tonkinensis)的干燥根和根茎,主要分布于贵州、广西、广东、云南、江西等地,性味苦寒,有毒,归肺、胃经,具有清热解毒、消肿利咽等功效,主要用于咽喉肿痛、齿龈肿痛等症,现收载于2015版中国药典(国家药典委员会,2015)。山豆根作为贵州三力制药上市咽喉抗感染药品“开喉剑喷雾剂”的组方药材,主要含有生物碱、黄酮类、三萜类及酚类等化学成分,具有抗菌、抗炎、抗病毒等药理作用(潘其明,2016;程钱等,2017;聂安政等,2018)。……

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