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全缘凤尾蕨化学成分的研究

2021-09-12邹娟毛效贤何康叶江海唐仁桃王喻雪张敬杰

广西植物 2021年7期
关键词:化学成分

邹娟 毛效贤 何康 叶江海 唐仁桃 王喻雪 张敬杰

摘 要: 全缘凤尾蕨资源丰富且在贵州分布广泛,具有清热利湿、活血消肿的功效。为了探明该植物的物质基础、寻找相关的活性成分和先导化合物,该文用95%甲醇对全缘凤尾蕨地上部分浸渍提取,采用硅胶、MCI gel CHP 20P、YMC gel ODS-A-HG、Sephadex LH-20等色谱技术对全缘凤尾蕨的化学成分进行分离纯化,根据波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果表明:从全缘凤尾蕨中分离得到18个化合物,分别鉴定为 (-)-α-tocospirone(1)、环鸦片甾烯醇(2)、(2S,3S)-pterosin C(3)、(2R,3S)-pterosin C(4)、pterosin B(5)、pterosin F(6)、α-紫罗兰酮A(7)、sauropunol C/D(8/8)、ficusol(9)、棕榈酸(10)、2-dodec-2-enyl-succinic acid dimethyl ester(11)、methyl-9-phenyl-10-hydroxyoctadecanoate(12)、十六烷酸甘油酯(13)、methyl elaidate(14)、(Z,Z)-9,12-十八烷二烯酸甲酯(15)、(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-十八烷三烯酸甲酯(16)、胡萝卜苷(17)、β-谷甾醇(18)。所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。该研究结果为合理利用其资源奠定了科学基础。

关键词: 凤尾蕨属, 全缘凤尾蕨, 化学成分, 分离纯化, 结构鉴定

中图分类号: Q946  文献标识码: A  文章编号: 1000-3142(2021)07-1046-08

Abstract: Pteris insignis, which has the medical function of clearing heat and draining dampness as well as activating blood to subside swelling, is widely distributed and rich in resources in Guizhou. As far as we know, there is no literature report on the study of its chemical constituents and biological activity. The purpose of this paper was to explore the material basis of this species, to reveal the related bioactive constituents and lead compounds. The aerial part of P. insignis was extracted with 95% methanol to give crude extract, which was then isolated and purified by silica gel, MCI gel CHP 20P, YMC gel ODS-A-HG and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. The structures of obtained compounds were deduced by the analysis of comprehensive spectral data. Eighteen compounds were isolated and identified as (-)-α-tocospirone (1), cyclolaudenol (2), (2S,3S)-pterosin C (3), (2R,3S)-pterosin C (4), pterosin B (5), pterosin F (6), α-ionone A(7), sauropunol C/D (8/8), ficusol (9), palmitic acid (10), 2-dodec-2-enyl-succinic acid dimethyl ester (11), methyl-9-phenyl-10-hydroxyoctadecanoate (12), hexadecanoic acid-2,3-dihydroxy-propyl ester (13), methyl elaidate (14), (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester (15), (Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid ester (16), carotenoid (17), β-sitosterol (18). All the compounds were isolated from P. insignis for the first time. The results of this study will lay a scientific foundation for the rational use of its resources.

Key words: Pteris L., Pteris insignis, chemical constituents, isolation and purification, structure identification

全緣凤尾蕨(Pteris insignis)为凤尾蕨科(Pteridaceae)凤尾蕨属(Pteris L.)植物,《中国蕨类植物图谱》《贵州蕨类植物志》《贵州石松类和蕨类植物志》等专著均有记载(秦仁昌,1930;王培善和王筱英,2001;王培善和潘炉台,2018)。该植物具有清热利湿、活血消肿的功效,内服治疗痢疾、黄疸、淋证、咽喉肿痛、瘰疬等,外用治疗风湿骨痛、跌打损伤等(潘炉台,2012)。贵州少数民族地区常用该植物全草治疗咽喉肿痛及颈、项、下颔等部位的各种肿块。近年来,本课题组在民族医药调研基础上,先后对其同属植物狭叶凤尾蕨(Li et al., 2015)、岩凤尾蕨(李宛霏等,2016)、银叶凤尾蕨(邹娟等,2019)等化学成分进行了研究,从中发现了系列具有抗HIV、抗肿瘤、抗菌作用的活性成分。……

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