超声造影在乳腺疾病临床诊疗的研究进展
2021-09-10向彩云徐薇
向彩云 徐薇
【摘要】超声造影在乳腺疾病影像学诊断方面的优势在于能实时反映病灶的微灌注情况,从而使乳腺疾病的确诊比例上升。随着超声造影技术的发展,相关工作者不仅对乳腺异常区域做定性和定量的研究,分析其超声造影表现差异,还深入探索乳腺各疾病的典型超声造影特征。另外,在乳腺癌术前,超声造影既能对乳腺癌分子分型初步诊断,对前哨淋巴结有否转移也有较高的确诊价值;对于乳腺癌新辅助化疗,超声造影可评价其是否有效。靶向超声造影是一种基于超声造影的新技术,有望在分子水平诊断和治疗乳腺癌。
【关键词】超声造影 乳腺疾病 临床诊疗 研究进展
【中图分类号】R730.41 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2026-5328(2021)05-089-05
【Abstract】The advantage of CEUS in imaging diagnosis of breast diseases is that it can reflect the microperfusion of lesions in real time, thus increasing the proportion of diagnosed breast diseases.With the development of CEUS technology, relevant workers not only conduct qualitative and quantitative studies on abnormal areas of breast, analyze the differences in CEUS performance, but also deeply explore the typical CEUS characteristics of breast diseases.In addition, before the operation of breast cancer, contrast-enhanced ultrasound can not only preliminarily diagnose the molecular classification of breast cancer, but also have a high diagnostic value for sentinel lymph node metastasis;For breast cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy, contrast-enhanced ultrasound can evaluate its effectiveness.Targeted contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a new technology based on CEUS, which is expected to diagnose and treat breast cancer at molecular level.
【Key word】Contrast-enhanced ultrasound breast disease clinical diagnosis and management research development
超声造影( contrast-enhanced ultrasound,CEUS) 是一种基于超声的新型纯血池成像技术,通过向体内注射造影剂,其中声诺维(SonoVue)是临床上常用的,直径约2.5μm[1],能检测出直径<100μm微血管[2],在低机械指数条件下,造影剂微泡难被破坏,故能实时动态地显示病变组织的微小血管和血流灌注压力等情况,提示肿块血管分布形态、走行变化[3],进而获得相关生物学信息,弥补彩色多普勒血流成像对病灶微循环信息反映的不足,目前已逐步用于临床。
1.超声造影对乳腺异常区域性质的甄别
当前,世界范围内超声造影对乳腺异常区域性质的甄别方法主要集中于定性及定量两方面,即:造影增强模式和时间-强度曲线分析(time-intensity curves ,TIC)。前者主观性大,后者较为客观。下面围绕这两个方面分别阐述其临床研究的实践价值。……
