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旴江医家陈自明痈疽证治经验简析

2021-09-05徐小港董辛赵鸿森章德林

中国民族民间医药·上半月 2021年8期

徐小港 董辛 赵鸿森 章德林

【摘 要】 宋代旴江医家陈自明所著《外科精要》是较早以“外科”命名的痈疽专著,陈氏首创中医外科病因学系统理论,提出气郁为痈疽的主要病机;对于痈疽的辨证,重视整体与局部结合;在治疗上,主张从整体出发、内外合一的治则,善于顾护脾胃、重用各种灸法,同时强调痈疽的调护,具有鲜明的学术特点,为中医外科的发展与学科建制作出了重要贡献。

【关键词】 陈自明;旴江;痈疽;证治经验

【中图分类号】R249.1 【文献标志码】 A 【文章编号】1007-8517(2021)15-0114-03

Abstract:The book “Essentials of surgery” written by Chen Ziming who is a physician in Song Dynasty is an earlier monograph named "surgery",he initiated the systematic theory of etiology in surgery of traditional Chinese medicine,suggested that qi depression is the main pathogenesis of carbuncle and gangrene;Dialectics of carbuncle and gangrene, attaching importance to the combination of the whole and the part;In terms of treatment,he advocated to proceed from the whole、principle of internal and external integration,good at preserving spleen and stomach、attach importance to the use of various moxibustion therapy,at the same time, he emphasized the care of carbuncle and gangrene,it has distinct academic characteristics,and made an important contribution to the development and discipline construction of TCM surgery.

Keywords:Chen Ziming;XuJiang;Ulcer;Experience of Dialectics and Treatment

陈自明(1190~1270年),字良甫(一作良父),南宋医家,江西抚州临川人,为旴江外科主要创始人之一。陈氏出身医学世家,善于将名家医论与祖传经验相结合,并在临床实践中加以应用。既是一位学识渊博的书院教授,又是一位游历甚广的临床大家。陈氏所著《外科精要》是较早以“外科”命名的痈疽专著,其从痈疽的病因、病机、辨证、治療及预后,均作了较为系统的论述,为外科的发展特别是痈疽的证治作出了重要贡献,现将其相关诊疗经验简析如下。

1 澄痈疽之本源

对于痈疽的病因,陈氏在《外科精要》[卷上]即博采群言,如引华佗“夫痈疽疮肿之作,皆五脏六腑蓄毒不流,非独因荣卫壅塞而发也”。在此基础上,陈氏指出痈疽的发病不论寒热虚实,都是由于体内气郁所致,即阴滞于阳则发痈、阳滞于阴则发疽。同时,陈氏更深究痈疽发病的三因,指出喜怒忧思情志所郁为内因,炙煿酒面、温床厚被或精虚气节所郁为不内外因,寒热风湿所伤为外因。……

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