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百合科植物在纳西族医药中的应用整理

2021-09-05訾成飞桂鑫孙翠马蕊赵飞亚陶爱恩

中国民族民间医药·上半月 2021年8期

訾成飞 桂鑫 孙翠 马蕊 赵飞亚 陶爱恩

【摘 要】 通过查证纳西医学现有文献,对百合科纳西药的品种、基原及标准进行整理。结果表明,相关文献记载的百合科药用植物共有36种(含变种),涉及34个药材品种,在我国现行各级药材标准中收载的基原植物有21个,占总数61.76%。其中有2种为国家Ⅱ级保护植物和中国特有物种。在相关标准和文献中,各药材品种所记载的名称、基原、药用部位或功效等存在较大差异,纳西药材品种混乱、质量标准不完善的状况在纳西药材中较为普遍。因此,有必要进一步加强纳西药的本草考证、资源与使用现状调查,推动纳西药材的品种整理和质量标准体系建立。

【关键词】 纳西药材;百合科;品种整理;质量标准

【中图分类号】K29 【文献标志码】 A 【文章编号】1007-8517(2021)15-0059-06

Abstract:Through checking the existing literature of Naxi medicine, sort out the varieties, origins and standards of Lilianaxi medicine. The results show that there are 36 species (including varieties) of Liliaceae medicinal plants recorded in relevant documents, involving 34 medicinal species. There are 21 primitive plants included in the current standards for medicinal materials at all levels in my country, accounting for 61.76% of the total. Among them, 2 species are under national level II protection and are endemic to China. In the relevant standards and literature, the names, origins, medicinal parts or efficacy of various medicinal materials are quite different. The chaotic variety of Naxi medicinal materials and imperfect quality standards are more common in Naxi medicinal materials. Therefore, it is necessary to further strengthen the investigation, resources and use status of Naxi medicine, and promote the establishment of the variety and quality standard system of Naxi medicine.

Keywords:Naxi Medicinal Materials; Liliaceae; Variety Sorting; Quality Standards

纳西族是我国56种民族中的一员,人口近27.8万[1]。长期居住在滇西北地区。纳西药是纳西族先民在长期的生产活动中,与大自然和疾病斗争中逐渐积累起来的经验总结,加之哲学、宗教等影响,在防病治病及药物应用等方面形成了具有本民族特色的医药理论,为本民族的繁衍和社会进步做出了巨大的贡献[2-4]。然而,由于受滇西北多元民族文化、历史条件及历代纳西药本草文献记载不够详尽等影响,纳西药材类同品、代用品的不断出现,使得纳西药材同名异物、同物异名现象普遍存在,造成了资源品种不清和使用混乱,直接影响到临床用药的安全性和有效性。因此,整理和完善纳西药体系刻不容缓。……

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