PBL教学法支撑下的医学研究生教学改革
2021-08-23郑姣琳
郑姣琳
摘 要:近年来,伴随着研究生教育的扩招,硕士研究生就业率持续走低,体现出我国研究生教育偏重于数量增长、不重视质量提升的现状。从毕业论文发表情况来看,大部分研究生都是在重复其他研究者的实验,其研究成果的科研价值较低,研究生教育明显呈现出“本科化”的倾向,研究生的专业能力、科研能力等并未比本科生有显著提升。在医学教育领域内,研究生教育的缺陷如果不加以改正,不仅难以培养学生的就业和临床工作能力,还会对我国医疗卫生事业的发展产生负面影响。
关键词:PBL教学法;医学;研究生;教学
中图分类号:G643 文献标志码:A 文章编号:2096-000X(2021)20-0143-05
Abstract: In recent years, with the expansion of graduate education, the employment rate of graduate students continues to decline, which reflects the current situation that China's graduate education focuses on the growth of quantity and does not pay attention to the improvement of quality. From the situation of graduation thesis publication, most graduate students are repeating the experiments of other researchers, and their research results have low scientific research value. Graduate education obviously shows the tendency of "undergraduate", and the professional ability and scientific research ability of graduate students are not significantly improved compared with undergraduate students. In the field of medical education, if the defects of postgraduate education are not corrected, it will not only be difficult to cultivate students' employment and clinical work ability, but also have a negative impact on the development of China's medical and health undertakings.
Keywords: PBL teaching method; medicine; graduate student; teaching
作為我国医学院校高层次的学历教育,研究生教育需要通过医学临床能力和科研创新能力的培养,使学生具备证实自然规律、出色完成医学科研工作的能力,进而构建我国现代医学发展的主力军。相比其他自然学科,医学的特殊性首先在于其以人为研究对象,需要考虑生理、心理、社会、病理等多种混杂因素,且患者本身存在着显著的个体差异,会极大增加医学的复杂性;其次,以人为研究对象的特点决定了医学会涉及到医学伦理问题,必须遵循《赫尔辛基宣言》中提出的涉及人体对象医学研究的道德原则;再次,医学临床与科研工作都会受到患者依从性的直接影响;最后,医学临床与科研工作需要学生经过长时间的临床实践后才能展开,但研究生专业知识与实践技能不足的问题会给临床与科研工作带来一定的负面影响,导致医学研究生的教育时间会明显长于其他学科。……
