宁薇 黄天佑

摘  要：有效释放与化解大学生负面情绪对于促进大学生健康成长意义重大。以情绪感染理论为依据，对部分在新冠肺炎疫情中具有明显负面情绪的大学生进行半结构访谈时发现：共情能力越强的大学生，情绪越易受到感染;女大学生更易产生“代替性”情感创伤;媒介素养等“文化”差异性高度影响情绪感染强度;群体内的情绪循环催生个体情绪极化。结合研究结论，建议通过加强媒介素养教育、推进高校心理健康教育和构建科学传播新格局等方式进行疏导。

关键词：情绪感染;新冠肺炎疫情;大学生;负面情绪

中图分类号：G640        文献标志码：A 文章编号：2096-000X（2021）20-0017-04

Abstract： To effectively release and resolve the negative emotions of college students is of great significance to promote their healthy growth. Based on the theory of emotional contagion， the semi structured interview with some college students who showed obvious negative emotions in COVID - 19 indicates that the people with stronger empathy ability are more susceptible to emotional contagion; Female college students are more likely to have "substitution" emotional trauma; Media literacy and other "cultural" differences highly affect the intensity of emotional contagion; The emotional cycle within the group leads to individual emotional polarization; Lack of help seeking channels and lack of willingness lead to emotional counseling failure. Combined with the research conclusion， it is suggested that the emotion guiding could be carried out by strengthening media literacy education， promoting mental health education in colleges and universities， and constructing a new pattern of scientific communication.

Keywords： emotional contagion; COVID-19; college students; negative emotions

一、研究緣起

新型冠状病毒肺炎（下文简称“新冠肺炎”）疫情的爆发和蔓延，给大学生的学习和生活都带来了巨大影响，也在大学生群体中普遍引发了焦虑、抑郁、恐惧、孤独和沮丧等心理应激反应。这些个体负面情绪若得不到及时疏导和治疗，容易造成社会负面情绪的叠加放大，产生个人以及集体的非理智行为，最终破坏社会稳定和信任根基。因此，当类似疫情的重大突发公共安全事件发生后，如何加强对大学生网络负面情绪的分析和疏导，已经成为大学生人才培养工作中一个亟待解决的重要课题。

目前学界对新冠肺炎疫情下大学生负面情绪的研究主要从思想政治教育、心理援助与干预等视角展开，真正着眼于情绪自身，对大学生负面情绪的产生原因、形成机制、表现形式与传播特点等展开研究的并不多见。……