孙绍山 阴旭斌 王昊

[摘要]目的：探讨上颌单前牙不同种植修复时机对种植后修复效果的影响。方法：根据上颌单前牙不同种植修复时机将2018年10月-2019年11月笔者科室诊治的115例患者分为观察组（即刻种植）与对照组（延期种植），比较两组的种植修复成功率、种植修复体完成时、完成后6个月唇侧骨量及红色美学指数（PES）变化情况，另外统计两组随访6个月患者主观满意度及并发症情况。结果：两组种植修复体完成时PES评分、骨量各指标及随访6个月内并发症发生率比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;观察组修复体完成后6个月PES评分显著高于对照组，牙槽嵴高度显著低于对照组，中段唇侧骨量显著少于对照组（P<0.05）;观察组修复体完成后6個月附着高度、整体美观满意率均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：上颌单前牙即刻种植修复相对延期种植完成后6个月美容效果更佳，患者主观满意度更高，但其可能不能阻止骨量下降。

[关键词]上颌单前牙;种植修复;修复时机;骨量;美学效果

[中图分类号]R782.12    [文献标志码]A   [文章编号]1008-6455（2021）07-0143-03

Influence of Single Maxillary Anterior Implant Restoration at Different Time on the Prosthetic Effect

SUN Shao-shan，YIN Xu-bin，WANG Hao

（Department of Stomatology， Beijing Tiantan Hospital， Capital Medical University， Beijing 100070，China）

Abstract： Objective To explore the influence of single maxillary anterior implant restoration at different time on the prosthetic effect. Methods  115 patients diagnosed and treated between October 2018 and December 2019 were divided into the observation group （immediate implantation） and the control group （delayed implantation） according to the timing of single maxillary anterior implant restoration. The success rate of implant restoration， changes of labial bone mass and pink aesthetic scores （PES） at the end of implant restoration and 6 months after implant restoration were compared between the two groups. The subjective satisfaction and complications of both groups during 6 months of follow-up were statistically analyzed. Results  There were no significant differences between the two groups in PES scores， bone mass indexes or incidence of complications during 6 months of follow-up at the end of implant restoration （P<0.05）. 6 months after implant restoration， the PES score of the observation group was significantly higher， the height of alveolar ridge was lower and middle labial bone mass was less than that of the control group （P<0.05）. 6 months after implant restoration， the attachment height and the overall aesthetic satisfaction rate of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion The aesthetic effect of immediate maxillary single anterior implant restoration is better than that of delayed implantation 6 months after implant restoration， and the subjective satisfaction of patients is higher. However， it may be not able to prevent bone loss.

Key words： single maxillary anterior tooth; implant restoration; timing of repair; bone mass; aesthetic effect

近年来，临床上颌前牙种植修复多追求美学效果，且相比传统延期种植修复，即刻种植修复美学效果佳、疗程相对短且能有效减少缺牙时间，易被患者（特别是女性）接受[1-3]。虽然关于即刻种植修复美容效果得到证实，但关于其对骨量吸收的影响尚无定论，存在一定的争议。基于此，本研究主要比较分析即刻种植与延期种植对上颌单前牙种植修复患者骨量及美学效果的影响，现将结果报道如下。

1  资料和方法

1.1 临床资料：选择笔者医院2018年10月-2019年11月就诊的上颌前牙种植修复患者115例。入选标准：①均为上颌单前牙缺失;②不存在明显软硬组织缺损，牙齿根尖区可用骨高度3～5mm及以上且无明显炎症;③Ⅰ～Ⅲ类骨质，牙龈健康;④均配合完成治疗;⑤临床及随访资料完整。排……