张新民 韩秀 熊忠平 刘霞

摘 要：云南木蠹象是近年来在我国西南地区发生的一种危害云南松幼林的重要的钻蛀性害虫，是我国的特有物种，其寄主专一，因其在西南地区危害云南松而得名。目前仅发生在云南、四川和贵州地区，其他省区暂未见报道，属于典型的区域分布型物种，在我国西南地区的危险等级为中度。该虫主要通过危害树干和枝梢的形成层、木质部和髓心部，导致受害的植株失去正常的生理功能，危害严重时导致幼树死亡。为了深入研究该害虫，探讨合理的治理策略，该文对国内外有关云南木蠹象的形态学、生物学、适生性、危险性和防治方法的研究进展进行了系统总结，明确了该害虫在我国西南地区的发生和危害的历史过程，并对目前存在的问题和今后的研究进行了分析、展望，以期为云南木蠹象的防治提供参考。

关键词：云南木蠹象;蛀干害虫;危害特征;生活史

中图分类号 S763.38文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731（2021）07-0101-04

Research Progress on Pissodes yunnanensis Langer et Zhang

ZHANG Xinmin et al.

（Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control in Yunnan Province， College of Biodiversity Conservation， Southwest Forestry University， Kunming，Yunnan 650224， China）

Abstract： Pissodes yunnanensis is an important boring pest in Southwest China in recent years， which is a unique species in China. It is named because of its damage to Pinus yunnanensis in Southwest China. At present， it is only found in Yunnan， Sichuan and Guizhou， but not in other provinces of China. Pissodes yunnanensis is a typical regional distribution species. Its damage level of forest pests in Southwest China is moderate. The larvae mainly damage the cambium， xylem and pith of the branches. The damage caused by the larva can result in the loss of normal physiological function of plants， even the death of plants when the damage is serious. In order to study the pest deeply and explore the reasonable control strategy， the research progresses worldwide of morphology， biology， adaptability， danger and control methods of Pissodes yunnanensis were systematically summarized in this paper， the historical process of occurrence and damage of the pest in Southwest China were made clear， and the existing problems were analyzed and prospected. Our results will provide the corresponding strategies for control of Pissodes yunnanensis in China.

Key words： Pissodes yunnanensis; Trunk pest; Harm characteristics; Life cycle

云南木蠹象（Pissodes yunnanensis Langor and Zhang）隸属鞘翅目（Coleoptera）象甲科（Curculionidae）木蠹象属（Pissodes Germar）[1-3]，于1978年在四川省盐源县因危害云南松（Pinus yunnanensis）被首次发现，当时被作为木蠹象属的未定种（Pissodes sp.）对待。此后，该虫相继在云南昆明和丽江、贵州威宁等地暴发危害，引起了我国科学家司徒英贤和张润志的重视，并于1999年被正式定名为云南木蠹象[4-8]。

云南木蠹象是我国特有物种，因其在西南地区危害云南松植物而得名。该虫主要分布于海拔2200～2900m的云南松林区，是一种毁灭性的蛀干性害虫，虽……